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Understanding the role of precursor concentration in the hydrothermal synthesis of nickel phosphate hydrate for supercapacitors

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Abstract

With the developing technology, the demand for energy storage devices has been ever-increasing. Supercapacitors over the years have delivered high power density along with a moderate energy density. Herein, this study reports Nickel Phosphate Hydrate (Ni(PO4)3*8H2O) (NPH) as a battery-type electrode which was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. The formation of NPH on the nickel (Ni) foam was verified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique which provided information about the monoclinic structure and the “I2/m” space group of the material. The morphology of the material was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which demonstrated a micro-slab like morphology. The electrochemical characteristics were evaluated in a 1 M KOH electrolyte with a potential window of − 0.2 and 0.55 V vs. SCE, the electrode delivered an areal capacitance of 3475.76 mF cm−2 at 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the material delivered an energy density of 173.78 µWh cm−2 while retaining ~ 84.74% of its initial capacitance over 1000 charge-discharge cycles showing its promising characteristics for the future of energy storage devices.

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Data availability

The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper. Should any raw data files be needed in another format they are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Physics Instrumentation Facility Centre (PIFC), Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, M.S., India and Common Facility Centre (CFC) at Shivaji University, Kolhapur, M.S., India for providing characterization facilities.

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  1. School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, M.S, 416 004, India

    Neha K. Gaikwad, Abhishek A. Kulkarni, Rushikesh M. Dahotre, Ankita P. Salunkhe & Tejasvinee S. Bhat

  2. Thin Film Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, M.S, 416 004, India

    Satyajeet S. Patil, Pramod S. Patil & Tejasvinee S. Bhat

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Contributions

Conceptualization: TSB. Methodology: AAK, NKG. Formal analysis and investigation: SSP, APS, RMD. Writing—original draft preparation: AAK. Writing—review and editing: AAK. Funding acquisition: PSP. Resources: TSB, PSP. Supervision: TSB.

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Correspondence to Tejasvinee S. Bhat.

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Gaikwad, N.K., Patil, S.S., Kulkarni, A.A. et al. Understanding the role of precursor concentration in the hydrothermal synthesis of nickel phosphate hydrate for supercapacitors. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 288 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11883-9

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