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One-step fabrication of Nafion-TiO2 composite immobilized on polyester filters for efficient photocatalytic applications

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Abstract

Composites of Nafion-TiO2 immobilized on the surface of polyester filters were developed through a single-step immersion coating technique and were evaluated in the photocatalytic discoloration of methylene blue under visible and ultraviolet radiation. Nafion® served as a TiO2 binder on the polyester filter, improving oxide adhesion to polyester fibers from 44 to 95%. The physicochemical characterization of the composites shows that the addition of the composites on the polyester filters reduced the intensity of FTIR bands related to characteristic functional groups, confirming the filter surface coverage. Higher Nafion® content results in a thicker TiO2 film on the polyester filter surface, increasing roughness and hydrophobicity. The kinetics of the photocatalytic discoloration of methylene blue under ultraviolet radiation using immobilized composites was slower than that using suspended photocatalysts. However, the filtration step before methylene blue removal was avoided, and the catalyst reuse was extremely facilitated. Remarkably, the Nafion-TiO2 composites were photoactive under visible radiation due to a sensitized pathway promoted by the dye adsorption on the surface of the composites. Therefore, the Nafion-TiO2/polyester filter catalytic composites can be successfully used in wastewater treatment systems over a wide range of the light spectrum.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Laboratory of Food Research (LPA) and the Center for Studies in Colloidal Systems (NUESC) for the accomplishment of the characterizations of the composites. And the Dayvid dos Santos Silva for the graphic art of the surface arrangement scheme.

Funding

The authors want to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq (Grants: 305438/2018-2, 305287/2022-2, and 310731/2016-0) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel—CAPES (Finance Code 001) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Materials Synthesis and Chromatography, Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, Aracaju, SE, CEP: 49032-490, Brazil

    Mychelli Andrade Santos, Thauane Selva Lima Da Silva, Iago Filipe Silva Oliveira, Juliana Faccin De Conto, Giancarlo Richard Salazar-Banda & Silvia Maria Egues

  2. Tiradentes University (UNIT), Postgraduate Programme in Process Engineering (PEP), Av. Murilo Dantas, Aracaju, SE, CEP: 49032-490, Brazil

    Mychelli Andrade Santos, Thauane Selva Lima Da Silva, Iago Filipe Silva Oliveira, Juliana Faccin De Conto, Giancarlo Richard Salazar-Banda & Silvia Maria Egues

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  1. Mychelli Andrade Santos
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  3. Iago Filipe Silva Oliveira
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Contributions

All authors contributed equally to this work. Preparation of the materials, characterizations, and their applications were performed by MAS. TSLS helped in the application stage of the composites, and IFSO contributed to making the designs and the characteristics of the composites. The manuscript was written by MAS, and the authors JFC, GRS-B, and SME commented on the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Giancarlo Richard Salazar-Banda.

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Santos, M.A., Da Silva, T.S.L., Oliveira, I.F.S. et al. One-step fabrication of Nafion-TiO2 composite immobilized on polyester filters for efficient photocatalytic applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 2225 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11649-3

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