Skip to main content
Log in

Second-order non-centrosymmetric nonlinear optical properties of N-benzyl-3-nitroaniline (NB3N) single crystals

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract

Second-order non-centrosymmetric nonlinear optical (NLO) N-benzyl-3-nitroaniline (NB3N) single crystals are auspiciously developed by slow evaporation solution growth synthesis method. A single-crystal XRD analysis is used to predict the crystallographic properties of developed NB3N crystals, which gives basic cell parameters, structures, and space groups. The synthesized NB3N crystal belongs to monoclinic crystal system with P21 space group. The Hirshfeld surface analysis provides a detailed description of structural and highlighted intermolecular interactions. The synthesized material was 79% transmittance and its cut-off wavelength was 244 nm, which express the purity, crystalline nature and optical behaviour are revealed by UV–visible spectral analysis. Developed crystals laser, electrical, thermal and mechanical stability and behaviours are ascertained. SHG analysis is confirmed by its second-order NLO activity. The SHG efficiency of the NB3N material is about 2.5 times greater than that of the KDP material. So synthesized NB3N single crystals were highly NLO material.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Due to the fact that the data are also part of an on-going study, the raw data necessary to reproduce these findings of this report cannot be shared at this time.

References

  1. V. Krishnakumar, R. Nagalakshmi, Studies on the first-order hyperpolarizability and terahertz generation in 3-nitroaniline. Phys. B Condens. Matter. 403(10), 1863–1869 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. V. Krishnakumar, R. Nagalakshmi, Cryst Growth Des 8(11), 3882–3884 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. V. Krishnakumar, J. Jayaprakash, S. Boobas, M. Komathi, Synthesis, growth, optical and anisotropic mechanical behaviour of organic nonlinear optical imidazolium 2-chloro-4- nitrobenzoate single crystals. Eur. Phys. J. Plus. 131(375), 375–385 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. V. Krishnakumar, R. Nagalakshmi, K. Ozga, M. Piasecki, M. Kityk, IV, P. Bragiel, 3-nitroaniline and 3-nitrophenol – a novel nonlinear optical material. J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 11(11), 123–133 (2009)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. C.S. Juliet Brintha, S.E. Joema, Discussion on structural, optical, thermal, mechanical, dielectric and third-order NLO properties of 3-Nitroanilinium chloride single crystals for optoelectronic applications. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 32(12), 16421–16431 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  6. P. Karuppasamy, M. Senthil Pandian, Ramasamy, P. Verma, S, Crystal growth, structural, optical, thermal, mechanical, laser damage threshold and electrical properties of triphenylphosphine oxide 4-nitrophenol (TP4N) single crystals for nonlinear optical applications. Opt. Mater. 79, 152–171 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. C.S. Juliet Brintha, S.E. Joema, V.K. Suma, Crystal growth, spectroscopic and theoretical investigation of nonlinear optical 2–bromo-4-nitroaniline single crystals for NLO and optoelectronic applications. J. Mol. Struct. 1250(2), 131725 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Vladimir, P. Tomislav, N-Benzyl-3-nitro­aniline. Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E. 67(11), 03013 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. M.A. Spackman, P.G. Byrom, A novel definition of a molecule in a crystal. Chem. Phys. Lett. 267, 3–4 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. M.A. Spackman, D. Jayatilaka, Cryst Eng Comm 11(1), 19–32 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. K. Shobha, A.K. Shrivastava, Growth, Spectroscopic and Optical Studies of meta Nitro Aniline NLO Organic Crystal. Int. J. Sci. Res. 3(10), 1303–1305 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  12. J. Tauc, Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductors (Plenum, New York, 1974)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Anis, S.S. Hussaini, A. Hakeem, M.D. Shirsat, G.G. Muley, Optik 127(4), 2137–2142 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. A. Silambarasan, P. Rajesh and P. Ramasamy, Crystal Growth, Optical and Thermal Studies of 4-Nitroaniline 4-Aminobenzoic acid: a fluorescent material. Chem. Sci. Rev. Lett. 2(6), 521–525 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  15. E. Selvakumar, A. Chandramohan, G. AnandhaBabu, P.Ramasamy, Synthesis, growth,structural,opticalandthermalpropertiesofanew organic salt crystal: 3nitroaniliniumtrichloroacetate. J. Cryst. Growth. 401, 323–326 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. G.T. Mola, E.A. Arbab, B.A. Taleatu, K. Kaviyarasu, I. Ahmad, M. Maaza, Growth and characterization of V2O5 thin film on conductive electrode. J. Microsc. 265, 214–221 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. K. Kaviyarasu, G.T. Mola, S. Oseni, K. Kanimozhi, C. Maria Magdalane, J. Kennedy, M. Maaza, ZnO doped single wall carbon nanotube as an active medium for gas sensor and solar absorber. J. Mater. Sci. 30, 147–158 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. H.H. Willard, L.L. Merritt, J.A. Dear, F.A. Settle, Instru- mental Methods of Analysis, 6th edn. (Wadsworth Publishing Comp, Belmont, 1986), p. 609

    Google Scholar 

  19. P. Reena, S.E. Joema, D. Abila Darling, S. Sindhusha, M. Abith, Sabari Girisun, ‘Systematic discussion on nonlinear optical and antibacterial activity of guanidinium benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (GUBD) single crystal for laser and biomedical applications’. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 32, 25545–25560 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. R.P. Jebin, T. Suthan, N.P. Rajesh, G. Vinitha, Growth and characterization of organic material 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde single crystal for optical applications. Opt. Laser Technol. 115, 500–507 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.C. Brice, C.G. Processess, John Wiley and Sons, New York

  22. A.A. El-Fadl, A.S. Soltan, N.M. Shaalan, Crystal Res Tech: J Exp Ind Crystallogr 42(4), 364–377 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. P. Karuppasamy, M. Senthil Pandian, P. Ramasamy, V, Verma, Optical Mater 79 152–171 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. P. Karuppasamy, V. Sivasubramani, M. Senthil Pandian, P. Ramasamy, RSC advances 6(110), 109105–109123 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. D. Abila Darling, S.E. Joema, Antibacterial activity, optical, mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of L-phenylalanine fumaric acid single crystals for biomedical, optoelectronic, and photonic applications. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 31, 22427–22441 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  26. E.M. Onitsch, Powder Metall 2, 131 (1947)

    Google Scholar 

  27. P.V. Dhanaraj, N.P. Rajesh, J. Kalyana Sundar, S. Natarajan, G. Vinitha, Mater Chem Phys 129, 457–463 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. D. Sivavishnu, R. Srineevasan, J. Johnson, Mate Sci Energy Technol 1(2), 205–214 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  29. K. Gayathri, P. Krishnan, P.R. Rajkumar, G. Anbalagan, Growth, optical, thermal and mechanical characterization of an organic crystal: Brucinium 5-sulfosalicylate trihydrate. Bull. Mater. Sci. 37(7), 1589–1595 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. N. Sinha, S. Bhandari, H. Yadav, G. Ray, S. Godara, N. Tyagi, J. Dalal, S. Kumar, B. Kumar, Cryst Eng Comm 17(30), 5757–5767 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. C.S. Juliet Brintha, S.E. Joema, V.K. Suma, Optical, structural, thermal, mechanical and third-order nonlinear optical properties of 2-nitroanilinium bromide single crystal: experimental and theoretical approach. J. Opt. 50, 427–438 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. S.K. Kurtz, T.T. Perry, A powder technique for the evaluation of nonlinear optical materials. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 3798–3813 (1968)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. J.H. Joshi et al., J. Mater. Sci: Mater. in Elctron (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-8556-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Sagadevan, Suresh, Optical and transport properties of nlo meta nitroaniline single crystals. Mater. Phys. Mech. 14, 152–158 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  35. G. Bhuvaneswari, L. Guru Prasad, N. Prabhavathi, Synthesis, growth and characterization of organic crystal triphenylmethane p-nitroaniline: a nonlinear optical crystal. Mater. Science-Poland. 35(3), 667–672 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank IIT Madras for the single-crystal XRD analysis and SICC, Kerala University of Thiruvananthapuram for its TG-DTA analysis.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

The three cited authors were involved in the planning and design of the study. These three named authors prepared the materials, collected the data, conducted the analysis, wrote the text, and approved the final product.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. S. Juliet Brintha.

Ethics declarations

Competing interest

The authors affirm that they have no known financial or interpersonal conflicts that would have appeared to have an impact on the research presented in this study.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Juliet Brintha, C.S., Joema, S.E., Reena, P. et al. Second-order non-centrosymmetric nonlinear optical properties of N-benzyl-3-nitroaniline (NB3N) single crystals. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 1895 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11345-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11345-2

Navigation