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Electrochemical performance evaluation of a newly developed ZnS–SnO2 composite in an aqueous electrolyte

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Abstract

We reported the sol–gel synthesis for preparing ZnS and SnO2 products and their composite material, for the first time for application as an electrode for a hybrid supercapacitor to attain an optimized energy storage performance. The structural feature reveals that the high phase purity and crystallinity with tetragonal SnO2, and in the cubic crystal structure of ZnS has been successfully verified from XRD analysis. A snow-like morphology of SnO2 and irregular nanoparticles in shape with a honeycomb-like appearance of ZnS and their combination that is detected in the ZnS–SnO2 composite without any residues was noticed on the surface of the samples, which was confirmed from the FESEM study. The electrochemical properties demonstrated that the ZnS–SnO2 composite manifests more awesome performance than its bulk materials, e.g., 466 F/g of capacitance, good rate performance, and reversibility with good charge transport properties. These striking results motivated us to fabricate a hybrid supercapacitor for practical aspects of the as-prepared electrode material. To do so, a ZnS–SnO2||AC/KOH hybrid supercapacitor was fabricated, which delivers a good stability of 85.7% (7000 cycles) and supreme power delivery of 4238.4 W/kg. A great specific energy of 36.12 Wh/kg after adding an optimum voltage of 1.7 V. These outstanding outcomes manifest the promising route to prepare another metal oxide/hydroxide for electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.

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The data related to this study can be available at a reasonable request from the corresponding author.

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Funding

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan

    Kinza Rafique & Najmul Hassan

  2. National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan

    Kinza Rafique, Muhammad Zia Ullah Shah, A. Shah, Muhammad Sana Ullah Shah, Muhammad Arif & Syed Awais Ahmad

  3. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Zia Ullah Shah, Muhammad Sana Ullah Shah, Hongying Hou, Muhammad Arif & Syed Awais Ahmad

  4. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Sajjad

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  1. Kinza Rafique
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  2. Muhammad Zia Ullah Shah
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  3. A. Shah
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  4. Muhammad Sana Ullah Shah
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Contributions

KR: wrote the original paper, designed the experiments, and conducted the whole synthesis work. MZUS, SAA, MA, MSUS: characterize the samples and analyze the data. HH: writing—review and editing. MS: writing—review and editing. AS: co-supervision, writing—review, and editing. NH: writing—review, editing, supervision. 

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Correspondence to A. Shah, Muhammad Sajjad or Najmul Hassan.

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Rafique, K., Shah, M.Z.U., Shah, A. et al. Electrochemical performance evaluation of a newly developed ZnS–SnO2 composite in an aqueous electrolyte. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 1717 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11124-z

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