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Crystal growth, optical, luminescence, SHG and THG exploration of an inorganic noncentrosymmetric alkaline borate crystal: K2B4O5(OH)4·3·6H2O(KBOH) for photonic and optical limiting applications

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Abstract

A potential, nonlinear optical alkaline borate crystal K2B4O5(OH)4·3·6H2O(KBOH) was crystallized from aqueous solution by slow evaporation method. In this asymmetric unit cell, BO4 the tetrahedral coordination geometries and the BO3 triangular planar coordination geometries are linked by common O atoms to form the isolated B4O7 group. Single crystal XRD was taken to know the structural parameters and revealed orthorhombic crystal system comprising a 3D network. UV–Vis absorption spectrum shows that crystal has wide optical transparency in 200–1100 nm range. The functional groups of the K2B4O5·(OH)4·3·6H2O crystal were analyzed by FT–IR spectrum. The mechanical strength and the luminescence response of the crystal have been tested by Vicker’s microhardness and photoluminescence study. The chemical stability was presented by HOMO–LUMO energy values. The intermolecular interaction is evident from the 3d-Hirshfeld surface and 2d-fingerprint plot. The dielectric property of the grown crystal was established by dielectric measurements. Thermal analyses reveal that the material has good thermal stability. The second harmonic generation of the borate hydrated structure material KBOH has been accomplished by Kurtz–Perry technique, and third-order nonlinear optical parameters Nonlinear Refractive Index NLR, Nonlinear Absorption Coefficient and third order susceptibility (χ(3)) were found by Z-scan closed and open aperture approach to explore its suitability in the field of NLO applications.

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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The scientific supports rendered by sophisticated analytical instrument facility (SAIF), IITM Chennai for support in single crystal XRD, FTIR is gratefully acknowledged. Also the authors thank for the facilities extended by Department of Physics, St. Joseph College, Tiruchy for providing Microhardness and PL measurement. M. Lydia Caroline thanks TANSCHE for extending financial support for this present work through a grant to MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT RC No. 1740/2021A.

Funding

This work was supported by TANSCHE in extending financial support for this work through a grant to MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT RC. No. 1740/2021A. M. Lydia Caroline, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Dr. Ambedkar Govt Arts College, Vyasarpadi, Chennai has received research support from TANSCHE MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, 604407, India

    A. Dilli Rani, P. Sangeetha & S. Kumaresan

  2. Department of Physics, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600073, India

    M. Nageshwari & C. Rathika Thaya Kumari

  3. Department of Physics, Government, Thirumagal Mills College, Gudiyattam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632602, India

    P. Ramesh

  4. Division of Physics, School of Advanced Science, VIT University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 127, India

    G Vinitha

  5. Department of Physics, Dr Ambedkar Government Arts College, Vyasarpadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 039, India

    M. Lydia Caroline

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design, material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by MLC, ADR, MN, CRTK, PR, PS, GV, SK. The first draft of the manuscript was written by MLC, ADR and all authors commented on the previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to M. Lydia Caroline.

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M. Lydia Caroline, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Dr. Ambedkar Govt Arts College, Vyasarpadi, Chennai has received financial support for this work from TANSCHE through a grant to MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT RC. No. 1740/2021A.

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All authors have seen and approved the manuscript being submitted & have no conflict of interest. We affirm that the manuscript submitted has been prepared according to the Journal’s instruction and the content of the manuscript has not been published in any refereed journal. M. Lydia Caroline, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Dr. Ambedkar Govt Arts College, Vyasarpadi, Chennai has received financial support for this work from TANSCHE through a grant to MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT RC. No. 1740/ 2021A.

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Dilli Rani, A., Nageshwari, M., Rathika Thaya Kumari, C. et al. Crystal growth, optical, luminescence, SHG and THG exploration of an inorganic noncentrosymmetric alkaline borate crystal: K2B4O5(OH)4·3·6H2O(KBOH) for photonic and optical limiting applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 1476 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-10872-2

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