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Remarkably enhanced dielectric properties in PVDF composites via engineering core@shell structured ZnO@PS nanoparticles

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Abstract

In order to concurrently suppress the dielectric loss and enhance the breakdown strength (Eb) of raw zinc oxide (ZnO)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites, in this study, the polystyrene (PS) encapsulated ZnO particles were fabricated via a suspension polymerization method, and further composited with PVDF to deliberately generate morphology-controllable high dielectric permittivity (ε′) and Eb but low-loss nanocomposites. The effects of the PS shell and its thickness on the dielectric properties of the ZnO/PVDF were investigated as a function of the filler concentration and frequency. Besides, the Havriliak-Negami (H-N) expression was used to fit the dielectric properties so as to theoretically comprehend the PS interlayer’s effect on the polarization and carrier migration mechanism in the nanocomposites. Research results verify that the ZnO@PS/PVDF nanocomposites present very low loss and conductivity when compared to the raw ZnO/PVDF thanks to the insulating PS shell’s ability to effectively prevent the ZnO particles from contacting with one another, thereby prohibiting the appearance of leakage current. And the filler’s homogeneous dispersion in PVDF is also enhanced owing to improved interfacial compatibility and interactions subsequently elevating the Eb of nanocomposites. Moreover, by adjusting the PS shell’ thickness, the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites can be efficiently tuned. Therefore, the developed ZnO@PS/PVDF nanocomposites with high-ε′ and Eb but low loss, present promising application prospects in microelectronic and electrical industries.

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Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51903207, 52277028), Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2022JM-186), and acknowledge the Analytic Instrumentation Center of XUST.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, 710054, China

    Yating Yang, Juanjuan Zhou, Jing Cao, Jing Liu, Hongmei Niu, Dengfeng Liu & Aihong Feng

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, 710054, China

    Wenying Zhou & Ying Li

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  1. Yating Yang
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  2. Wenying Zhou
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  3. Juanjuan Zhou
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by WZ, YL, and JC. Characterization and related discussion were performed by JZ, JL, HN, DL and AF. Funding acquisition and Project administration were performed by WZ, YL. The first draft of the manuscript was written by YY and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wenying Zhou or Ying Li.

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Yang, Y., Zhou, W., Zhou, J. et al. Remarkably enhanced dielectric properties in PVDF composites via engineering core@shell structured ZnO@PS nanoparticles. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 1314 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-10728-9

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