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Flower-like shapes M-PbS (M = Li, na, or Cs)/porous CuO photocatalytic electrode for converting sewage water into H2 fuel gas

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Abstract

This work studies the preparation of M-PbS (M = Li, Na, or Cs) on porous CuO (P-CuO) as a photoelectrode for H2 gas production under sewage water splitting. The preparation of P-CuO was carried out in our previous study (Abdelazeez et al in Appl Phys 128:1–10, 2022). The preparation of M-PbS is performed using the hydrothermal method, and then it is cast on P-CuO and dried at 70 °C for 30 min. The chemical structure of M-PbS materials was confirmed through XRD and XPS analyses. Moreover, the morphologies were confirmed using SEM and TEM analyses. These analyses confirmed the formation of quantum dot particles that sometimes agglomerate to form nanoparticles that look like flower shapes. The calculated bandgap values are 1.03, 1.05, 1.06, and 1.07 eV for Cs-PbS, Na-PbS, PbS, and Li-PbS, respectively. The application for the H2 generation test is carried out using three-electrode cells with sewage water (pH 7.2) as an electrolyte without using any extra electrolytes. The effect of light on/off was studied, and the produced current density (Jph) values were − 1.3 and − 3.42 mA cm− 2, respectively. The effect of temperature (25 to 40 °C) is demonstrated by testing the produced Jph, which increased with increasing temperature from 3.06 to 3.48 mA cm− 2, respectively. The calculated thermodynamic parameters were calculated in which the produced Ea, ΔH*, and ΔS* values were 6.55 KJ mol− 1, 4.02 kJ mol− 1, and 221 JK− 1 mol− 1, respectively. Soon our team works on developing a prototype of an electrochemical cell that can convert the sewage water into H2 gas fuel directly for applying inside houses for cooking and worming.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University for funding this work through research grant no. (DSR2022-GR-0122).

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University for funding this work through research grant no. (DSR2022-GR-0122).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Al-Jouf, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia

    N. M.A. Hadia, W. S. Mohamed & Meshal Alzaid

  2. Basic Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia

    N. M.A. Hadia

  3. Nanophotonics and Applications Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Ashour M. Ahmed, Mohamed Shaban & Mohamed Rabia

  4. Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Ashour M. Ahmed

  5. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Prince Naifbin Abdulaziz, Al Jamiah, 42351, Madinah, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Shaban

  6. Nanomaterials Science Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Mohamed Rabia

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  1. N. M.A. Hadia
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Contributions

NMAH: supervision, writing—original draft, and writing—review & editing. AMA: methodology, writing—review & editing. MS: methodology, writing—review & editing. WSM: methodology, investigation, formal analysis, and editing. MA: conceptualization, methodology, and investigation. MR: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing, and formal analysis.

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Hadia, N.M., Ahmed, A.M., Shaban, M. et al. Flower-like shapes M-PbS (M = Li, na, or Cs)/porous CuO photocatalytic electrode for converting sewage water into H2 fuel gas. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 805 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-10154-x

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