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Structural, spectroscopic and electrical properties of liquid phase exfoliated few layered two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (WS2) using anionic surfactant

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Abstract

Surfactant assisted liquid phase exfoliation process is used in the synthesis of hexagonal crystals of a few layered 2H tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets. The synthesis of few layered WS2 nanosheets from bulk WS2 powder is accomplished in a facile and eco-friendly manner by liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) technique. The LPE is assisted by an anionic surfactant, namely sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) in deionized (DI) water at room temperature. Characterization of the exfoliated WS2 nanosheets was done by various spectroscopic measurements, namely, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV–Vis to determine the surface morphology and number of layers present in the exfoliated nanosheets. The XRD data confirm that the exfoliated nanoflakes are crystalline hexagonal structure, oriented along the direction of the lattice constant of c-axis which is in good agreement with the HRTEM analysis. Furthermore, the AFM and SEM reveal the formation of smooth and continuous nanosheets consisting of crystalline hexagonal flakes with lateral size 50–500 nm. It is also evident that the concentration of the exfoliating agent (SDBS) influences the splitting of the nanosheet from the bulk sample accelerating exfoliation process. Finally, the conductive nature of the drop casted exfoliated thin films WS2 deposited on the copper interdigitated electrodes (IEDs) is measured in the temperature range of room temperature (RT)—100 °C.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful for the support by DST-FIST project (SR/FST/ET-II/2018/241) of the Department of Science & Technology (DST) at Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering for I–V measurement by Probe station, Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Centre (SAIC) for spectroscopic measurement and Chemical Science Department for UV–Vis Spectroscopic measurement of Tezpur University. We are also thankful for the support given by Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST) Guwahati for AFM analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India

    Arpita Roy, Priyakshi Kalita & Biplob Mondal

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  1. Arpita Roy
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  2. Priyakshi Kalita
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Contributions

AR contributed substantially to the WS2 nanosheet preparation, characterization analysis, and manuscript drafting. PK contributed to analysis of the results and manuscript writing. Initial planning, execution of the proposed work and preparing of the final version of the submitting manuscript is done by BM.

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Correspondence to Biplob Mondal.

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Roy, A., Kalita, P. & Mondal, B. Structural, spectroscopic and electrical properties of liquid phase exfoliated few layered two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (WS2) using anionic surfactant. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 224 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09687-4

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