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Regulating morphology and lithium storage properties of manganese oxalate prepared by optimizing reaction temperature

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Abstract

Manganese oxalate, a cheap anode material for lithium-ion batteries, suffers from a low actual capacity due to its low conductivity. To improve its electrochemical performance, a strategy based on adjusting the reaction temperature was proposed to controllably synthesize manganese oxalates with various morphologies. When the reaction temperature is lower than the boiling point of ethylene glycol, the growth process of manganese oxalate is dominated by the dissolution. The manganese oxalate crystal maintains its initial cubic shape, but its size decreases. When the reaction temperature is higher than the boiling point of ethylene glycol, the initial cubes gradually change into rods through dissolution–recrystallization-oriented growth processes under the high-temperature/pressure environment. The specific surface area and the pore volume of manganese oxalate increase first and then decrease with the increase in reaction temperature. MnC2O4 prepared at 220 °C is a mesoporous rod-shaped particle with the highest specific surface area and pore volume. This sample delivers a capacity of 972 and 949 mAh/g after 500 cycles at 2 and 5 A/g, respectively, exhibiting high specific capacity and good cyclic stability. These results show that the reaction temperature can control the morphology of manganese oxalate by adjusting the crystal growth process, thereby changing its electrochemical properties. Therefore, the results provided further confirm the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51864005 and 51564002), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi, China (2018GXNSFDA281014), and the College Students' Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan of Guangxi University (20220100634).

Funding

The funded was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No: 51864005).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China

    Yi-Xin He, Dan-Dan Zeng, Xin-Yi Huang, Xiao-Pan Chen, Li-Xue Lu, Li-Ying Xue, Jing Su & Yan-Xuan Wen

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Contributions

YXH, DDZ, XYH, XPC, and LXL performed the experiments and characterization of materials. LYX analyzed the data and discussed the results. JS wrote the manuscript. YXW conceived and designed the research and wrote the manuscript. All the authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yan-Xuan Wen.

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He, YX., Zeng, DD., Huang, XY. et al. Regulating morphology and lithium storage properties of manganese oxalate prepared by optimizing reaction temperature. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 198 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09645-0

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