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The dielectric properties and relaxor behavior of gadolinium oxide modified barium zirconate titanate ceramics for Y5V capacitor applications

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Abstract

The Gd2O3 modified Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 dielectric ceramics were fabricated using the conventional solid state reaction method. The influences of Gd2O3 on their microstructures, dielectric properties and relaxor behaviors were systematically investigated by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and LCR measurement system. The results show that the ceramics have a single perovskite structure and there is no obvious secondary phase. The peak splitting of the (200) lattice plane disappears gradually, indicating that the ceramic changes from tetragonal phase to cubic phase at room temperature with increasing Gd2O3 addition. The average grain size of Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 ceramics decreases from ~ 20 to ~ 2 μm as the Gd2O3 content increases. The temperature corresponding to the permittivity maximum (Tm) of Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 ceramics decreases with increasing Gd2O3 doping content. The dielectric loss at room temperature decreases noticeably with the increase of Gd2O3 content. The frequency dispersion of relative dielectric constant at T < Tm for Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 ceramics is enhanced by increasing the Gd2O3 content. With the increase of Gd2O3 content, the Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 ceramics turn into relaxors with an enhanced diffusion exponent of ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition. And the dielectric temperature stability is improved effectively after Gd2O3 modification in BZT ceramics.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Zezhong Wu and Xiaohan Liao have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China

    Zezhong Wu, Xiaohan Liao, Yueru Shi, Yaoyao Wang, Wentao Zhang, Xinyue Bian, Zixin Gao, Yang Cao & Chen Zhang

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  1. Zezhong Wu
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  2. Xiaohan Liao
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Contributions

Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by ZW, XL, YS, YW, WZ, XB, ZG and YC. The first draft of the manuscript was written by ZW and XL. The supervision of the whole work and revision of the manuscript were made by CZ. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Chen Zhang.

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Wu, Z., Liao, X., Shi, Y. et al. The dielectric properties and relaxor behavior of gadolinium oxide modified barium zirconate titanate ceramics for Y5V capacitor applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 27110–27120 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09373-5

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