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Emission properties of reduced graphene oxide-coated Er3+-tellurite glass for fiber optics

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Abstract

In this work, reduced graphene oxide-coated zinc borotellurite doped with erbium oxide nanoparticles denoted as ZBTEr (NPs)-rGO was studied as an approach to enhance the optical properties of glass materials. Herein, a melt-quenched technique was used to prepare the ZBTEr (NPs) glasses. A simple and inexpensive spray-coated technique was employed to deposit the rGO onto the glass surfaces directly. The morphological studies of ZBTEr (NPs)-rGO glass surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) meanwhile, the structural investigation of ZBTEr (NPs) glasses was revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis. The morphological analysis revealed the residual oxygen groups functionalized on ZBTEr (NPs)-rGO glass surfaces meanwhile, TEM images confirmed the presence of Er (NPs) in the glassy matrix. The glass samples showed the existence of structural disorder and amorphous nature. The absorption spectra presented the transition bands that existed from 4I15/2 ground state level to excited state levels of 2H9/2, 4F5/2, 4F7/2, 2H11/2, 4S3/2, 4F9/2, 4I11/2, and 4I9/2, respectively. Judd–Ofelt analysis was performed to obtain the intensity parameters (Ωλ), radiative transition (A), branching ratios (βR), and radiative lifetimes (tr). The radiative parameter and branching ratio values suggested the higher stimulated emission radiative at 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 transition for present glass The luminescence spectra exhibited two emission peaks centred at 539 nm and 558 nm which were assigned to 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transitions, respectively. The optical results for ZBTEr (NPs)-rGO and ZBTEr (NPs)-uncoated were compared to determine the differences between coated and uncoated glasses. These results highlight the significant effect of rGO deposited onto tellurite-based glass and thus, this work proposed the potential coating materials for improving current fiber optics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia for funding this work through Large Groups Project under grant number L.R.G.P/174/43. The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R26), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This research was financially supported by Skim Geran Penyelidikan Fundamental (FRGS) Fasa 1/2018 (Grant code: 2019-0006-102-02). The authors would like to thank the following institutions for equipment support: Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.

Funding

The funding was provided by Deanship of Scientific Research, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, PNURSP2022R26, Azlan M.N

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia

    Y. Azlina, M. N. Azlan, A. B. Suriani & H. R. Shaari

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Imed Boukhris & Imen Kebaili

  3. Laboratoire Des Matériaux Composites Céramiques Et Polymères (LaMaCoP), Faculté Des Sciences de Sfax, BP 805, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    Imed Boukhris

  4. Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Groupe de Physique Des Matériaux Luminescents, Faculté Des Sciences de Sfax, Département de Physique, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3018, Sfax, Tunisie

    Imen Kebaili

  5. Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China

    Naif Mohammed Al-Hada

  6. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Federal University Lafia, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

    S. A. Umar

  7. Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    B. K. Kenzhaliyev

  8. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    M. H. M. Zaid & S. N. Nazrin

  9. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    R. Hisam

  10. School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia

    S. M. Iskandar & N. N. Yusof

  11. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P .O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia

    Khadijah Mohammedsaleh Katubi

  12. Department of Physics, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O.Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia

    Z. A. Alrowaili

  13. Department of Physics, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey

    M. S. Al-Buriahi

  14. Physics Department, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

    R. A. Tafida

  15. Physics Education Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Fika Fauzi

Authors
  1. Y. Azlina
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  2. M. N. Azlan
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  4. H. R. Shaari
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  7. Naif Mohammed Al-Hada
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  8. S. A. Umar
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  9. B. K. Kenzhaliyev
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  10. M. H. M. Zaid
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  11. R. Hisam
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  14. N. N. Yusof
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  18. R. A. Tafida
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  19. Fika Fauzi
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Contributions

YA., (write the research article), MNA, (supervise the methodology and data analysis), ABS, (produce the graphene oxide), HRS (determine the glass composition), IB, (characterize the XRD analysis), IK, (characterize the UV–visible spectra), NA-H, (characterize the FESEM analysis), SAU, (analyze the UV–Visible spectra), KB. K, (determine optical band gap), MHMZ., (determine the refractive index), HR., (assists the graphene oxide production), SMI, (assists the spray coating technique), SNN, (determine Judd–Ofelt analysis), NNY, (fabricate the glass samples) KMK, (determine the luminescence analysis), ZAA., MSA-B (analyze optical data), RAT (determine the RAMAN analysis), FF (analyze the structural and morphological analysis).

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Correspondence to M. N. Azlan.

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Azlina, Y., Azlan, M.N., Suriani, A.B. et al. Emission properties of reduced graphene oxide-coated Er3+-tellurite glass for fiber optics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 26915–26930 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09356-6

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