Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Optical investigations of Cu2BaSnS4 quaternary nanostructure absorbers deposited by dip-coating technique

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, semiconductor compound Cu2BaSnS4 absorber layer thin films were elaborated by the sol–gel approach associated with dip-coating deposition technique at different dipping speeds. The influence of dipping speed at different speeds of 30 mm/min, 40 mm/min, 50 mm/min, 60 mm/min and 70 mm/min, respectively, on different properties of elaborated films was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis spectrophotometry and four-point probe technique were employed to analyze the structural, compositional, morphological, optical and electrical properties. XRD measurements proved the formation of trigonal Cu2BaSnS4 with privileged orientation along the (100) plane. It was seen that crystallites’ size of trigonal CBaTS thin films increased with the dipping speed increased from 27.93 to 41.91 nm. Secondary phase BaS2 was observed with CBaTS phase in all films. Raman spectroscopy measurements confirmed the presence of CBaTS films by the Raman peak located at 341 cm−1. EDS analyses confirmed the existence of elements composition present in CBaTS thin films. SEM micrographs showed the increase in uniformity and density of films. Also, the best surface morphology was observed at the film deposited at 70 mm/min. UV–vis spectrophotometry showed that the absorption coefficients are greater than 104 cm−1. Optical band gap of CBaTS thin films decreased from 1.61 to 1.5 eV when the dipping speed increased. The calculated electrical conductivity of CBaTS thin films was found in the range of 0.11–16.66 \({(\Omega .\mathrm{cm})}^{-1}\). These properties are interesting and show that Cu2BaSnS4 thin films can be used as a good absorber in thin film-based solar cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The authors confirm that the data supporting the finding of study are available with the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  1. S. Nivetha, K. Kaviyarasu, A. Ayeshamariam, N. Punithavelan, R. Perumalsamy, A. Diallo, G. Ramalingam, S.B. Mohamed, D. Letsholathebe, C.M. Maria, M. Jayachandran, J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron. 13(10), 1522–1532 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Y. Thaver, S.O. Oseni, K. Kaviyarasu, R.P. Dwivedi, G. T. Mola. 582, 1–9 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Y. Al-Douri, H. Baaziz, Z. Charifi, H. Ali, Reshak, Physica. B: Condensed. Matter. 407(3), 286–296 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. S. Sebastian, I. Kulandaisamy, S. Valanarasu, I.S. Yahia, H.-S. Kim, D. Vikraman, J. Sol-Gel. Sci. Technol. 93, 52–61 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. M. He, A.C. Lokhande, I.Y. Kim, U.V. Ghorpade, M.P. Suryawanshi, J.H. Kim, J. Alloy. Compd. 701, 901–908 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. D. Naveena, T. Logu, R. Dhanabal, K. Sethuraman, A.C. Bose, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30, 561–572 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. K.S. Rahman, M.N. Harif, H.N. Rosly, M. Ibrahim, B. Kamaruzzaman, M.D. Akhtaruzzaman, M. Alghoul, H. Misran, Results. Phys. 14, 102371 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. A. Kotbi, B. Hartiti, S. Fadili, P. Abderraouf Ridah, Thevenin, Appl. Phys. A. 123(5), 1–8 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Ziti, B. Hartiti, H. Labrim, S. Fadili, A. Batan, M. Tahri, A. Ridah, O. Mounkachi, A. Benyoussef, P. Thevenin, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30, 13134–13143 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. M.A. Green, E.D. Dunlop, J. Hohl-Ebinger, M. Yoshita, N. Kopidakis, A.W.Y. Ho-Baillie, Prog. Photovolt. Res. 28, 3–15 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. C. Malerba, F. Biccari, C.L.A. Ricardo, M. Valentini, R. Chierchia, M. Müller, A. Santoni, E. Esposito, P. Mangiapane, P. Scardi, A. Mittiga, J. Alloy. Compd. 582, 528–534 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. C. Ma, H. Guo, K. Zhang, N. Yuan, J. Ding, Mater. Lett. 186, 390–393 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. I.M. El Radaf, H.Y.S. Al-Zahrani, A.S. Hassanien, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 11, 8336–8348 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  14. H.Y.S. Al-Zahrani, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 31, 6900–6909 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. H.-J. Chen, S.-W. Fu, T.C. Tsai, C.-F. Shih, Mater. Lett. 166, 215–218 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. X. Miao, R. Chen, W. Cheng, Mater. Lett. 193, 183–186 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Sarilmaz, F. Ozel, A. Karabulut, I. Orak, M. A. Şahinkaya, Physica B Condens. Matter 580, 1–8 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. G. Yang, X. Zhai, Y. Li, B. Yao, Z. Ding, R. Deng, H. Zhao, L. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Mater. Lett. 242, 58–61 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Y. Al-Douri, A.A. Odeh, M.R. Johan, Z.Z. Chowdhury, R.F. Rafique, A.H. Reshak, C.H. Voon, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 13, 6693–6707 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A.A. Odeh, Y. Al-Douri, M. Ameri, A. Bouhemadou, Indian J. Phys. 92, 695–703 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. A.A. Odeh, Y. Al-Douri, C.H. Voon, R. Mat Ayub, S.C.B. Gopinath, R.A. Odeh, M. Ameri, A. Bouhemadou, Microchim. Acta. 184, 2211–2218 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. A.A. Odeh, Y. Al-Douri, R.M. Ayub, M. Ameri, A. Bouhemadou, D. Prakash, K.D. Verma, Appl. Phys. A. 122, 888–902 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. A.A. Odeh, Y. Al-Douri, R.M. Ayub, A.S. Ibraheam, J. Alloy. Compd. 686, 883–895 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. H. Guo, C. Ma, Z. Chen, X. Jia, Q. Cang, N. Yuan, J. Ding, Sol. Energy. 181, 301–307 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. C.L. McCarthy, R.L. Brutchey, Chem. Mater. 30, 304–308 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Z. Chen, K. Sun, Z. Su, F. Liu, D. Tang, H. Xiao, L. Shi, L. Jiang, X. Hao, Y. Lai, ACS Appl. Energy. Mater. 1(7), 3420–3427 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Suresh Kumar, S.P. Madhusudanan, S.C. Kanth, K. Mohanta, S.K. Batabyal, J. Sol. State. Electrochem. 24(2), 305–311 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  28. M. S. Kumar, S. P. Madhusudanan, S. K. Batabyal, J. Mater. Charact. 174, 110988 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Faustini, B. Louis, P.A. Albouy, M. Kuemmel, D. Grosso, J. Phys. Chem. C. 114, 7637–7645 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. D. Shin, B. Saparov, T. Zhu, Chem. Mater. 13, 4771–4780 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. H. Luo, J. Chen, X. Zhang, S. Wang, H. Gu, W. Wang, H. Li, Mater. Lett. 270, 127750 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. D. Shin, Z. Tong, H. Xuan, Adv. Mater. 29, 1601945 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  33. A. Crovetto, K. Børsting, R. Nielsen, A. Hajijafarassar, O. Hansen, B. Seger, Ib. Chorkendor, P.C.K. Vesborg, ACS Appl. Energy. Mater. 3(1), 1190–1198 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Y. Al-Douri, J.H. Waheb, M. Ameri, R. Khenata, A. Bouhemadou, A.H. Reshak, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 8, 10688–10696 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. K. Boudiaf, A. Bouhemadou, O. Boudrifa, K. Haddadi, F. Saad Saoud, R. Khenata, Y. Al-douri, S. Bin-omran, M.a. ghebouli, J. Electron. Mater. 46, 4539–4556 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Y. Al-Douri, U. Hashim, J. Renew. Sustain. Energy. 6, 013109–013124 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. M. Karunanithy, G. Prabhavathi, A.H. Beevi, B.H.A. Ibraheem, K. Kaviyarasu, S. Nivetha, N. Punithavelan, A. Ayeshamariam, M. Jayachandran, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 18, 6680–6707 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. R. Harikrishnan, G. Mani, M. Mani, K. Kaviyarasu, I. Baskaran, Physica. B. 639, 414019 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Y. Al-Douri, H. Khachai, R. Khenat. 39, 276–282 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. G.J. Janz, E. Roduner, J.W. Coutts, J.R. Downey, Inorg. Chem. 15(8), 1751–1754 (1976)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. T.S. Reddy, M.C.S. Kumar, RSC Adv. 6(98), 95680 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra20129f

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. L. Givaloua, M. Antoniadoua, D. Perganti, M. Giannouria, C.-S. Karagiannib, A.G. Kontosa, P. Falarasa, Electrochim. Acta. 210, 630–638 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. D.M. Berg, R. Djemour, L. Gutay, S. Siebentritt, P.J. Dale, X. Fontane, V. Izquierdo-Roca, A. Perez-Rodriguez, Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 192103 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. J. Ge, C.R. Grice, Y. Yan, J. Mater. Chem. A 6, 1–10 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. J. Ge, Y. Yu, Y. Yan, J. Mater. Chem. A. 48, 1–7 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. I.M. El Radaf, H.Y.S. Al-Zahrani, A.S. Hassanien, J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 31, 8336–8348 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  47. N. Dridi, S. Bitri, F. Mahjoubi, I.L. Chaabouni, J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 31(9), 7193–7199 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. T. Garmim, S. Chahib, L. Soussi, R. Mghaiouini, Z. El Jouad, A. Louardi, O. Karzazi, M. El Jouad, E.K. Hlil, B. Hartiti, M. Monkade, J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 31, 20730–20741 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. A. Ziti, B. Hartiti, A. Belafhaili, H. Labrim, S. Fadili, A. Ridah, M. Tahri, P. Thevenin, Appl. Phys. A 127, 663 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. M.S. Kumar, K. Mohanta, S.K. Batabyal, Solar. Energy Mater. Solar. Cells. 161, 157–161 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. F. Hong, W. Lin, W. Meng, Y. Yan, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18(6), 4828–4834 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. N.A. Bakr, S.A. Salman, S.A. Hameed, Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res. 13(6), 3379-3388T (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  53. P.K. Singh, S.K. Tripathi, D.K. Dwivedi, Mater. Sci.-Pol. 37(4), 554–562 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. I.M. El Ahmed Saeed Hassanien, P.B. Radaf, Condensed. Matter. 585(15), 412110 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  55. S. Islam, M.A. Hossain, H. Kabir, M. Rahaman, M.S. Bashar, M.A. Gafur, A. Kabir, M.M.R. Bhuiyan, F. Ahmed, N. Khatun, Int. J. Thin. Fil. Sci. Tec. 4(3), 155–161 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  56. H.I. Elsaeedy, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30, 12545–12554 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. A. Ziti, B. Hartiti, A. Belafhaili, H. Labrim, S. Fadili, A. Ridah, M. Tahri, P. Thevenin, J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 32(12), 16726–16737 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. S. Saha, B.T. Diroll, J. Shank, Z. Kudyshev, A. Dutta, S.N. Chowdhury, T.S. Luk, S. Campione, R.D. Schaller, V.M. Shalaev, A. Boltasseva, M.G. Wood, Adv. Funct. Mater. 30(7), 1908377 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. B. Dahal, L.P. Joshi, S.N. Pandey, S.P. Shrestha, Asian. J. Chem. Sci. 2–4, 1–8 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  60. S. Dridi, E. Aubry, N. Bitri, F. Chaabouni, P. Briois, Coatings 10, 963 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. L. Majula, N.R. Mlyuka, M.E. Samiji, J. Korean Physics. Soc. 67(6), 1078–1081 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Professor. B. HARTITI, Senior Associate at ICTP, is very grateful to ICTP for financial support. Technical support from University of Lorraine, France, is also known.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. LVO BEEN Laboratory, MEEM & DD Group, Hassan II University of Casablanca, FSTM BP 146, 20650, Mohammedia, Morocco

    Ahmed Ziti, Bouchaib Hartiti, Salma Smairi, Youssef Nouri, Hervé Joël Tchognia Nkuissi & Salah Fadili

  2. Advanced Systems Engineering Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Tofaîl University, Kenitra, Morocco

    Hicham Labrim

  3. School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere, P.O.Box 115, Meiganga, Cameroon

    Hervé Joël Tchognia Nkuissi

  4. Centre for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco

    Amine Belafhaili

  5. DERS, CNESTEN, Rabat, Morocco

    Mounia Tahri

  6. University of Lorraine, LMOPS, METZ, France

    Philippe Thevenin

Authors
  1. Ahmed Ziti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bouchaib Hartiti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Salma Smairi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hicham Labrim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Youssef Nouri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hervé Joël Tchognia Nkuissi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Amine Belafhaili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Salah Fadili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Mounia Tahri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Philippe Thevenin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design, data collection, material preparation analysis and discussion were realized by AZ, BH, SS, HL, YN, HJTN, AB, SF, MT and PT. The first draft of the paper was written by AZ and all authors commented on previous version of the paper. All authors read and approved the final version of manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ahmed Ziti.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that we have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The authors declare the compliance with ethical standards.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ziti, A., Hartiti, B., Smairi, S. et al. Optical investigations of Cu2BaSnS4 quaternary nanostructure absorbers deposited by dip-coating technique. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 24477–24492 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09160-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09160-2

Search

Navigation