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Quantitative analysis of the magnetic properties of a mixture of single- and multi-domain Zn-substituted CuFe2O4 nanoparticles with canted spin

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Abstract

Zn-substituted copper ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) with size distribution 7–13 nm have been synthesized by a combination of sonochemical and standard co-precipitation methods. The crystallite size, phase purity, as well as cationic distribution are obtained from the Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction pattern. The transmission band near 575 cm−1 in FTIR spectrum represents the intrinsic metal oxide stretching vibrations at tetrahedral lattice site. The Raman spectra not only confirm the metal–oxygen bonds in tetrahedral/octahedral lattice sites, but also the phase purity of the sample. Using the log-normal distribution of particle sizes as obtained in HRTEM analysis, \(\Delta M\) vs. T curve [where \(\Delta M\) corresponds to difference between field-cooled (FC) and zero field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization] are mathematically fitted and mean blocking temperature, anisotropy constant and average frequency of oscillation of SPM particles are obtained from fitted data. The minor deviation from the experimental curve and theoretical fitting suggests that our system is mostly composed of single-domain (Super-paramagnetic) particles but a fraction of multi-domain (Ferromagnetic) particles are also present, which also contribute to magnetic responses. The temperature dependence of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy constant is also derived using the “law of approach” (LA) to saturation. We have fitted all the hysteresis curves and contribution of each magnetic phase (SPM, FM and PM) is extracted quantitatively from fitting. The present work is aimed to explore the underlying physics of ferrite system consisting of multiple magnetic phases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Vivekananda Mahavidyalaya, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, 713103, India

    B. J. Sarkar

  2. Department of Physics, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India

    A. Bandyopadhyay

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Contributions

B.J. Sarkar contributed to conception and design of study, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data and drafting the manuscript. A. Bandyopadhyay contributed to conception and design of study, analysis and interpretation of data and drafting the manuscript.

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Sarkar, B.J., Bandyopadhyay, A. Quantitative analysis of the magnetic properties of a mixture of single- and multi-domain Zn-substituted CuFe2O4 nanoparticles with canted spin. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 20081–20094 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08825-2

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