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Electric field-driven energy storage density and photo-catalytic temperament of Gd3+-BiFeO3 nano-ferrite

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Abstract

The multiferroic nanoferrites have widespread potential applications in the resolution of the ecological and green energy issues. In this work, we study the consequence of Gd3+ (x = 0.04 (G1), 0.08 (G2), & 0.12 (G3)) substitution on multiferroic properties, photo-catalysis, and energy storage density of Bi1-xGdxFeO3 (BGFO). These BGFO samples were characterized via XRD (X-ray Diffraction), FESEM (Field emission scanning electron microscopy), UV–Visible spectroscopy, Complex Impedance Analyzer, VSM (Vibrating Spin Magnetometer), light-driven catalysis for degradation of MB dye, and polarization (P–E) measurements. The average crystalline size was obtained in the range ~ 28–20 nm and the surface area was found in the range 7.14 (m2/g) to 13.35 (m2/g). The storage efficiency and energy storage density enhance from 32% to 43% and 2.054 to 3.428 mJ/cm3, respectively. A huge crest to crest strain (S+& S−) are in the range 1.11–2.36% and 1.42–3.01%, respectively with the premier strain memory value (Sme %) 0.068 for G3. The remnant polarization (2Pr) and saturation magnetization (Ms) values were found to be augmented from 0.32 to 0.49 µC/Cm2 and 4.88 to 12.75 emu/gm, respectively, as the crystal customized via Gd3+ substitution. The efficiencies of photo-catalytic degradation were enlarged from 62.8% to 89.28% with the Gd3+ substitution.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the technical assistance with FESEM characterization offered by the Department of Material Science and Engineering at NIT Hamirpur. The authors also thank the Director of NIT Kurukshetra for providing the research facilities in the Physics Department.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, 136119, India

    Praveen Kumar & Prakash Chand

  2. Department of Physics, Government College for Women, Tosham, Bhiwani, 127040, India

    Praveen Kumar

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  1. Praveen Kumar
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Prakash Chand contributed to conceptualization, writing and preparation of the original draft, writing, reviewing, and editing of the manuscript, validation, resources, and supervision; Praveen Kumar contributed to methodology, software, data plotting, and writing and preparation of the original draft.

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Correspondence to Prakash Chand.

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Kumar, P., Chand, P. Electric field-driven energy storage density and photo-catalytic temperament of Gd3+-BiFeO3 nano-ferrite. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 2980–2994 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07498-7

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