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WO3 films prepared by anodic oxidation in acid electrolytes and their photocatalytic activity of organic dye degradation

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Abstract

We prepared two kinds of WO3 films with different surface morphologies by anodic oxidation in two types of electrolytes. In the electrolyte of NaF + HF aqueous solution, WO3 nanotube array films were prepared. Meanwhile, films consist of flower-like WO3 nanoplates formed in the electrolyte of NaF + H2SO4. The former films had a longer lifetime of charge carriers, more negative VBM and CBM positions, and a lower charge transfer resistance than the latter. On the contrary, the latter possessed a smaller band gap, a greater photocurrent density, and more active radicals, including OH and\(\cdot {\rm O}_{2}^{ - }\). The comprehensive effect of the above factors resulted in the very similar photocatalytic activity of the two kinds of WO3 films in MB degradation under visible-light irradiation. The results of radical trapping experiments indicate that hydroxyl radicals played a crucial role in the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye. In addition, superoxide radicals, as an intermediate medium of hydroxyl radicals, also acted as an essential part. The hydroxyl radicals were generated by the single-electron or multi-electron transfer of O2 rather than the reaction between photogenerated holes and OH−.

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Acknowledgements

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51404170), Tianjin Enterprise Science & Technology Commissioner Project (No. 21YDTPJC00450), and the Personnel Training Plan for Young and Middle-aged Innovation Talents in Universities in Tianjin of China financially supported this work. Yan Zhang did part of the analysis work, and I would like to express my gratitude. All the authors have no completing interests to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Lab of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China

    Liang Hao, Fei Li, Yifei Hu & Qian Zhao

  2. College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 1038, Dagu Nanlu, Hexi District, 300222, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China

    Liang Hao, Fei Li, Yifei Hu & Qian Zhao

  3. Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Low-Carbon Green Process Equipment, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China

    Liang Hao & Qian Zhao

  4. School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, No. 18, Jiangwanyilu, Chancheng District, Foshan, 528000, People’s Republic of China

    Te Hu

  5. Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, 2100, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan

    Sujun Guan

  6. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, No. 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan

    Yun Lu

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  1. Liang Hao
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Hao, L., Li, F., Hu, T. et al. WO3 films prepared by anodic oxidation in acid electrolytes and their photocatalytic activity of organic dye degradation. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 2921–2931 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07491-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07491-0

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