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Activated carbons derived from sugarcane bagasse for high-capacitance electrical double layer capacitors

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Abstract

Activated carbon (AC) from sugarcane bagasse was prepared using a simple two-step method of carbonization and chemical activation with four different activating agents (HNO3, H2SO4, NaOH, and KOH). Amorphous carbon structure as identified by X-ray diffraction was observed in all samples. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the AC had more porosity than the non-activated carbon (non-AC). Specific capacitance of the non-AC electrode was 32.58 F g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, whereas the AC supercapacitor provided superior specific capacitances of 50.25, 69.59, 109.99, and 138.61 F g−1 for the HNO3 (AC-HNO3), H2SO4 (AC-H2SO4), NaOH (AC-NaOH), and KOH (AC-KOH) activated carbon electrodes, respectively. The AC-KOH electrode delivered the highest specific capacitance (about 4 times of the non-AC electrode) because of its good surface wettability, the largest specific surface area (1058.53 m2 g−1), and the highest total specific pore volume (0.474 cm3 g−1). The AC-KOH electrode also had a great capacitance retention of almost 100% after 1000 GCD cycles. These results demonstrate that our AC developed from sugarcane bagasse has a strong potential to be used as high stability supercapacitor electrode material.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been partially supported by the Research Network NANOTEC (RNN) program of the National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), NSTDA, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation and Khon Kaen University, Thailand and by National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) (Contract No. 6200072) and Research and Academic Affairs Promotion Fund, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Fiscal year 2019 (RAAPF), by Thailand Science Research and Innovation and Srinakharinwirot University (Contract No. 028/2564). A. Phakkhawan is grateful to the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST) for providing a scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Authit Phakkhawan, Pawinee Klangtakai & Vittaya Amornkitbamrung

  2. National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Mati Horprathum

  3. Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand

    Narong Chanlek, Hideki Nakajima & Supinya Nijpanich

  4. National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Pisist Kumnorkaew

  5. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand

    Samuk Pimanpang

  6. Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN-RIE), NANOTEC-KKU RNN on Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Pawinee Klangtakai & Vittaya Amornkitbamrung

  7. Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (TheP), Chiang Mai University, P.O. Box 70, Chiang Mai, 50202, Thailand

    Samuk Pimanpang, Pawinee Klangtakai & Vittaya Amornkitbamrung

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  1. Authit Phakkhawan
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Correspondence to Samuk Pimanpang or Pawinee Klangtakai.

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Phakkhawan, A., Horprathum, M., Chanlek, N. et al. Activated carbons derived from sugarcane bagasse for high-capacitance electrical double layer capacitors. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 663–674 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07334-y

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