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Structural, optical and electrical properties of Mn-doped ZnFe2O4 synthesized using sol–gel method

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Abstract

The system Zn1-xMnxFe2O4 (x = 0, 2, and 4%) was prepared by sol–gel chemical route at 80 °C. X-Ray powder diffraction and Raman spectrum analysis were used to determine the preliminary phase of obtained samples. W–H and SSP plots were used to determine the crystallite size and micro-strain of samples. The surface charge and morphology of the samples were studied using zeta potential and scanning electron microscope analysis, respectively. The optical bandgap of the samples suggested that they were semiconducting. The dielectric characteristics of samples were examined as a function of temperature (60–600 °C) at various frequencies (1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz, and 1 MHz). The presence of interfacial and orientational polarization was indicated by dielectric constant and dissipation factor studies, which ranged from (0.7–460) to (0.3–0.8) with Mn and were found thermally stable up to 300 °C. The thermal dependence of DC conductivity demonstrates Arrhenius type transport with one, two, and three regions of conduction in sample ZF-0, ZF-2, and ZF-4 respectively. The sources of charge carriers in samples were \({V}_{o}^{\cdot \cdot }\), \(e^{\prime}\) and dipole defects \(\left( {V_{o}^{{ \cdot \cdot }} - 2{Fe_{{Fe^{{3 + }} }}^{{2 + }}} ^{\prime } } \right)\)/\(\left( {{2Mn^{{3 + }} _{Zn^{{2 + }} }}^.- 2{Fe_{{Fe^{{3 + }} }}^{{2 + }}} ^{\prime } } \right)\). The current work could help to identify the possible applications in semiconductor devices, thermally stable capacitors, and as mixed ionic electronic conductors in solid oxide fuel cells.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are also thankful to DST, Govt. of India, New Delhi, for providing the support in terms of CURIE scheme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India

    Harshpreet Cheema, Vedika Yadav, Ram Sundar Maurya, Varsha Yadav, Nidhi Sharma & Parvej Ahamad Alvi

  2. Center of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India

    Aditya Kumar

  3. Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, 211015, India

    Upendra Kumar

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  1. Harshpreet Cheema
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Cheema, H., Yadav, V., Maurya, R.S. et al. Structural, optical and electrical properties of Mn-doped ZnFe2O4 synthesized using sol–gel method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 23578–23600 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06847-w

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