Abstract
This paper summarized a comprehensive study on mechanical, optical, and shielding features of the binary lithium-tellurite glasses as a function of doped germanium and lithium oxide content. The Makishima- Makinzie model was applied to compute and estimate the investigated glass samples' mechanical properties. The optical features are studied by determining the optical energy gap (Eg), Urbach energy (Eu) of the TLGe glass system. Both factors vary with the content of dopant germanium and lithium ions in non-linear correlation. Refractive index, molar refraction, electronic polarizability, reflectivity, reflection factor are computed for the studied glasses. The metallization and dielectric constant for the prepared glasses are estimated. The obtained results depict the variation of the optical parameters versus the GeO2 + Li2O content change. The investigated glasses can be suitable for applying in optical devices. The examination showed that the replacement of TeO2 by GeO2 + Li2O enhances the investigated glass samples' shielding properties. The mass attenuation coefficient improved in order 41.79, 42.31, 42.91, and 42.96 cm2/g with substitution
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Ruengsri, Radiation shielding properties comparison of Pb-based silicate, borate, and phosphate glass matrices. Technol. Nucl. Install, Sci. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/218041
S.R. Manohara, S.M. Hanagodimath, L. Gerward, Photon interaction and energy absorption in glass: a transparent gamma ray shield. J. Nucl. Mater. 393–3, 65–472 (2009)
M.I. Sayyed, Y. Al-Hadeethi, M.M. AlShammari, M. Ahmed, S.H. Al-Heniti, Y.S. Rammah, Physical, optical and gamma radiation shielding competence of newly borotellurite based glasses: TeO2–B2O3–ZnO–Li2O3–Bi2O3. Ceram. Int. 47, 611–618 (2021)
M.Y. Hanfi, I.V. Yarmoshenko, A.A. Seleznev, G. Malinovsky, E. Ilgasheva, M.V. Zhukovsky, Beta radioactivity of urban surface-deposited sediment in three Russian cities. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27(32), 40309–40315 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10084-9
H. Akyildirim, E. Kavaz, F.I. El-Agawany, E. Yousef, Y.S. Rammah, Radiation shielding features of zirconolite silicate glasses using XCOM and FLUKA simulation code. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 545, 120245 (2020)
S. Yasmin, B.S. Barua, M.U. Khandaker, M.A. Rashid, D.A. Bradley, M.A. Olatunji, M. Kamal, Studies of ionizing radiation shielding effectiveness of silica-based commercial glasses used in Bangladeshi dwellings. Results Phys. 9, 541–549 (2018)
M.I. Sayyed, R. El-Mallawany, Shielding properties of (100–x) TeO2-(x)MoO3 glasses. Mater. Chem. Phys. 201, 50–56 (2017)
M.I. Sayyed, A.H. Almuqrin, R. Kurtulus, A.M.V. Javier-Hila, K. Kaky, T. Kavas, X-ray shielding characteristics of P2O5–Nb2O5 glass doped with Bi2O3 by using EPICS2017 and Phy-X/PSD. Appl. Phys. A 127, 243 (2021)
S.A.M. Issa, M.I. Sayyed, M.H.M. Zaid, K.A. Matori, Photon parameters for gamma-rays sensing properties of some oxide of lanthanides. Results Phys. 9, 206–210 (2018)
A.S. Abouhaswa, E. Kavaz, A novel B2O3-Na2O-BaO-HgO glass system: synthesis, physical, optical and nuclear shielding features. Ceram. Int. 46, 16166–16177 (2020)
E. Kavaz, E.H. Ghanim, A.S. Abouhaswa, Optical, structural and nuclear radiation security properties of newly fabricated V2O5-SrO-PbO glass system. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 538, 120045 (2020)
M.I. Sayyed, K.A. Mahmoud, E. Lacomme, M.M. AlShammari, N. Dwaikat, Y.S.M. Alajerami, M. Alqahtani, B.O. El-bashir, M.H.A. Mhareb, Development of a novel MoO3-doped borate glass network for gamma-ray shielding applications. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 108 (2021)
M. Kurudirek, Heavy metal borate glasses: potential use for radiation shielding. J. Alloys Compd. 727, 1227–1236 (2017)
K. Kirdsiri, J. Kaewkhao, A. Pokaipisit, W. Chewpraditkul, P. Limsuwan, Gamma-rays shielding properties of xPbO:(100 x)B2O3 glasses system at 662 keV. Ann. Nucl. Energy 36, 1360–1365 (2009)
A.H. Almuqrin, M.I. Sayyed, Radiation shielding characterizations and investigation of TeO2–WO3–Bi2O3 and TeO2–WO3–PbO glasses. Appl. Phys. A 127, 190 (2021)
R. Kurtulus, T. Kavas, I. Akkurt, K. Gunoglu, An experimental study and WinXCom calculations on X-ray photon characteristics of Bi2O3- and Sb2O3-added waste soda-lime-silica glass. Ceram. Int. 46, 21120–21127 (2020)
K.M. Kaky, M.I. Sayyed, A.A. Ati, M.H.A. Mhareb, K.A. Mahmoud, S.O. Baki, M.A. Mahdi, Germanate oxide impacts on the optical and gamma radiation shielding properties of TeO2-ZnO-Li2O glass system. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 546, 120272 (2020)
M.I. Sayyed, K.M. Kaky, E. Şakar, U. Akbaba, M.M. Taki, O. Agar, Gamma radiation shielding investigations for selected germanate glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 512, 33–40 (2019)
M. Kumar, Y.C. Ratnakaram, Role of TeO2 coordination with the BaF2 and Bi2O3 on structural and emission properties in Nd3+ doped fluorophosphate glasses for NIR 1.058 μm laser emission. Opt. Mater. 112, 110738 (2021)
C.B. Deng, M. Zhang, T. Lan, M.J. Zhou, Y. Wen, J. Zhong, X.Y. Sun, Spectroscopic investigation on Eu3+-doped TeO2-Lu2O3-WO3 optical glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 554, 120565 (2021)
V.A.G. Rivera, D. Manzani, V.A.G. Rivera, Technological Advances in Tellurite Glasses, Springer International Publishing (2017)
G. Yankov, L. Dimowa, N. Petrova, M. Tarassov, K. Dimitrov, T. Petrov, B.L. Shivachev, Synthesis, structural and non-linear optical properties of TeO2–GeO2–Li2O glasses. Opt. Mater. 35, 248–251 (2012)
E.S. Yousef, A. El-Adawy, N. El-KheshKhany, Effect of rare earth (Pr2O3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, Eu2O3, Gd2O3 and Er2O3) on the acoustic properties of glass belonging to bismuth-borate system. Solid State Commun. 139, 108–113 (2006)
A. Makishima, J.D. Mackenzie, Direct calculation of Young’s modulus of glass. J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 12, 35–45 (1973)
A. Makishima, J.D. Mackenzie, Calculation of bulks modulus, shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio of glass. J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 17, 147–157 (1975)
X-5 Monte Carlo Team, MCNP-A General Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code, Version 5, Los Alamos Controlled Publication. LA-CP-03-0245 (2003)
K.A. Mahmoud, M.I. Sayyed, A.M. Alhuthali, M.Y. Hanfi, The effect of CuO additive on the mechanical and radiation shielding features of Li2B4O7-Pb2O3 glass system. Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsecv.2020.11.005
K.M. Kaky, M.I. Sayyed, M.H.A. Mhareb, A. Abdalsalam, K.A. Mahmoud, S.O. Baki, M.A. Mahdi, Physical, structural, optical and gamma radiation attenuation properties of germanate-tellurite glasses for shielding applications. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 545, 120250 (2020)
Ö. Eyecioğlu, A.M. El-Khayatt, Y. Karabul, M. Çağlar, O. Toker, O. İçelli, BXCOM: a software for computation of radiation sensing. Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids. 174, 506–518 (2019)
S. Laila, A.K. Suraya, A.K. Yahya, Effect of glass network modification on elastic and structural properties of mixed electronic-ionic 35V2O5-(65-x)TeO2-(x)Li2O glass system. Chalcogenide Lett. 11-2, 91–104 (2014)
D.J. Bergman, Y. Kantor, Phys. Rev. Nature 207, 1238 (1965)
G.A. Saunders, T. Brennan, M. Acet, M. Cankurtaran, H.B. Senin, H.A.A. Sidek, M. Federico, Elastic and non-linear acoustic properties and thermal expansion of cerium metaphosphate glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 282, 291–305 (2001)
N.F. Mott, E.A. Davis, conduction in non-crystalline systems V conductivity, optical absorption and photoconductivity in amorphous semiconductors. Philos. Mag. 22, 903–922 (1970)
A. Ramesh Babu, S. Yusub, Ascendancy of iron ions on lithium ion conductivity, optical band gap, Urbach energy and topology of LiF-SrO-B2O3 glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 533, 119906 (2020)
F. Urbach, The long-wavelength edge of photographic sensitivity and of the electronic absorption of solids. Phys. Rev. 92, 1324 (1953)
R.J. Amjad, M.R. Sahar, S.K. Ghoshal, M.R. Dousti, R. Arifin, Synthesis and characterization of Dy3+ doped zinc-lead-phosphate glass. Opt. Mater. 35, 1103–1108 (2013)
S.F. Khor, Z.A. Talib, W.M. Mat Yunus, Optical properties of ternary zinc magnesium phosphate glasses. Ceram. Int. 38, 935–940 (2012)
K.M. Kaky, M.I. Sayyed, M.H.A. Mhareb, A.H. Abdalsalam, K.A. Mahmoud, S.O. Baki, M.A. Mahdi, Physical, structural, optical and gamma radiation attenuation properties of germanate-tellurite glasses for shielding applications. J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 545, 120250 (2020)
Y. Al-Hadeethi, M.I. Sayyed, Y.S. Rammah, Fabrication, optical, structural and gamma radiation shielding characterizations of GeO2-PbO-Al2O3–CaO glasses. Ceram. Int. 46, 2055–2062 (2020)
F. Nawaz, R. Sahar, S.K. Ghoshal, J. Amjad, Spectral investigation of Sm 3+/Yb 3+ co-doped sodium tellurite glass. Chin. Opt. Lett. 11–6, 061605 (2013)
R. El-Mallawany, The optical properties of tellurite glasses. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 1774–1777 (1992)
S. Hussain, R.J. Amjad, M. Tanveer, M. Nadeem, H. Mahmood, A. Sattar, A. Iqbal, I. Hussain, Z. Amjad, S.Z. Hussain, S.A. Siddique, M.R. Dousti, Optical investigation of Sm3+ doped in phosphate glass. Glass Phys. Chem. 43, 538–547 (2017)
M.K. Narayanan, H.D. Shashikala, Optical absorption and TEM studies of silver nanoparticle embedded BaO-CaF2-P2O5 glasses. AIP Conf. Proc. 1731, 1–4 (2016)
R. Mondal, D. Biswas, A.S. Das, R.K.N. Ningthemcha, D. Deb, S. Bhattacharya, S. Kabi, Influence of samarium content on structural, thermal, linear and non-linear optical properties of ZnO–TeO2–P2O5 glasses. Mater. Chem. Phys. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123561
W.E. Mahmoud, W. Shirbeeny, A.A. Al-Ghamdi, S. Al-Heniti, Nanoparticles-doped aryl poly ether ether ketone for synthesis and characterization of CdxZn12xO novel application potentials. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 116, 2658–2667 (2010)
X.Y. Zhang, F.F. Chen, X.H. Zhang, W. Ji, Research progress of third-order optical nonlinearity of chalcogenide glasses. Chin. Phys. B. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/27/8/084208
H.N. Desai, J.M. Dhimmar, B.P. Modi, Study of linear and non-linear optical parameters of zinc selenide thin film. IJERA. 5, 117–122 (2015)
S. Stalin, D.K. Gaikwad, M.A. Samee, A. Edukondalu, S.K. Ahmmad, A.A. Joshi, R. Syed, Structural, optical features and gamma ray shielding properties of Bi2O3–TeO2–B2O3-GeO2 glass system. Ceram. Int. 46, 17325–17334 (2020)
V. Dimitrov, S. Sakka, Electronic oxide polarizability and optical basicity of simple oxides. J. Appl. Phys. 79, 1736–1740 (1996)
H.M.M. Moawad, H. Jain, R. El-Mallawany, DC conductivity of silver vanadium tellurite glasses. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 70, 224–233 (2009)
N. Elkhoshkhany, R. Abbas, R. El-Mallawany, A.J. Fraih, Optical properties of quaternary TeO2-ZnO-Nb2O 5-Gd2O3 glasses. Ceram. Int. 40, 14477–14481 (2014)
M.I. Sayyed, A.A. Ati, M.H.A. Mhareb, K.A. Mahmoud, K.M. Kaky, S.O. Baki, M.A. Mahdi, Novel tellurite glass (60–x)TeO2–10GeO2 -20ZnO–10BaO - xBi2O3 for radiation shielding. J. Alloys Compd. 844, 155668 (2020)
M.Y. Hanfi, M.I. Sayyed, E. Lacomme, I. Akkurt, K.A. Mahmoud, The influence of MgO on the radiation protection and mechanical properties of tellurite glasses. Nucl. Eng. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.12.012
K.M. Kaky, M.I. Sayyed, M.H.A. Mhareb, A. Abdalsalam, K.A. Mahmoud, S.O. Baki, M.A. Mahdi, Physical, structural, optical and gamma radiation attenuation properties of germanate-tellurite glasses for shielding applications. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 545, 120250 (2020)
Schott AG, Schott-radiation shielding glass, version May 2013. www.schott.com/advanced_optics
J. Tauc, Amophous and Liquid Semiconductors, 1St edn. (Plenum, London, 1974).
Acknowledgements
This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University through the Fast-Track Research Funding Program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alsaif, N.A.M., Alotiby, M., Hanfi, M.Y. et al. A comprehensive study on the optical, mechanical, and radiation shielding properties of the TeO2–Li2O–GeO2 glass system. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 15226–15241 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06074-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06074-3