Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Crystal growth, optical, thermal, laser damage threshold, photoconductivity and third-order nonlinear optical studies of KCl doped sulphamic acid single crystals

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Good quality of pure and 1 mol% KCl doped sulphamic acid (SA) single crystal was grown by the solvent evaporation technique. The grown crystals belong to an orthorhombic structure. The peak present in the frequency region between 2870 and 3137 cm−1 is owing to NH3+ stretching vibration. The addition of dopant enhances the transmittance and mechanical strength of the SA crystal. The intense emission bands are obtained at 335 and 424 nm for pure and 337 and 468 nm for 1 mol% KCl doped SA crystal, respectively. The first decomposition point observed at 229 °C and 232 °C for pure and doped SA crystals, respectively. Laser damage threshold resistant of the crystals is 57, 89 and 132 mJ for KDP, pure and 1 mol% KCl doped SA crystals, respectively. The negative photoconductivity nature of title crystals was confirmed by photoconductivity studies. The third-order nonlinear optical (TONLO) susceptibility (χ3) of the pure and doped crystal is 5.004 × 10−10 esu and 7.848 × 10−10 esu, respectively. All the results show that the grown crystals have good transmittance, high LDT, mechanical, thermal and large susceptibility values. So, the title crystals are potential material for NLO applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y. Goto, A. Hayashi, Y. Kimura, M. Nakayama, J. Cryst. Growth. 108, 688–698 (1991)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D.R. Yuan, D. Xu, N. Zang, M.G. Liu, M.H. Jiang, Chain. Phys. Lett. 13, 841–843 (1996)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Chandran, R. Paulraj, P. Ramasamy, Opt. Mater. 52, 49–55 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Iwai, T. Kobayashi, H. Furuya, Y. Mori, T. Sasaki, J. Appl. Phys. 36, 276–279 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  5. K. Srinivasan, J. Arumugam, Opt. Mater. 30, 40–43 (2007)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. K. Ramya, N.T. Saraswathi, C.R. Raja, Opt. Laser. Technol. 90, 222–225 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. H. Nalwa, S. Miyata, Nonlinear Optics of Organic Molecules and Polymers (CRC Press, New York, 1991)

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Ramajothi, S. Dhanushkodi, K. Nagarajan, Cryst. Res. Technol. 39, 414–420 (2004)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Ramasamy, S. Raghavan, Crystal growth process and Methods (KRO Publications, Kumbakonam, 1999)

    Google Scholar 

  10. I.A. Baburin, V.A. Blatov, Acta. Cryst. B 63, 791–802 (2007)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Donoshita, M. Hayashi, R. Ikeda, Y. Yoshida, S. Morikawa, K. Sugimoto, H. Kitagawa, Chem. Commun. 54, 8571–8574 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. X. Li, S. Li, J. Mater. Chem. C. 7, 1630–1640 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  13. S.M. Azhar, M. Anis, S.S. Hussaini, S. Kalainathan, M.D. Shirsat, G. Rabbani, Opt. Laser. Technol. 87, 11–16 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. P. Karuppasamy, V. Sivasubramani, M.S. Pandiyan, P. Ramasamy, RSC. Adv. 6, 109105–109123 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. R.R. Babu, R. Ramesh, R. Gopalakrishnan, K. Ramamurthi, G. Bhagavannarayana, Spectrachim. Acta A 76, 470–475 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. F.A. Kanda, A.J. King, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 2315–2319 (1951)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. B. Brahmaji, S. Rajyalakshmi, C.S. Kamal, V. Atla, V. Veeraiah, K.V. Rao, K.R. Rao, Opt. Mater. 64, 100–105 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. X. Li, S. Li, H. Ren, J. Yang, Y. Tang, Nanomaterials 7, 184 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. Arumugam, N. Suresh, M. Selvapandiyan, S. Sudhakar, M. Prasath, Heliyon 5, e01988 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Kalim, A.B. Lad, B.H. Pawar, J. Chem. Tech. Res. 6(1), 206–212 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  21. B. Singh, M. Shkir, S. Alfaify, A. Kaushal, N. Nasani, I. Bdikin, H. Shoukry, I.S. Yashia, H. Algarni, J. Mol. Struct. 1119, 365–372 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. R. Valluvan, K. Selvaraju, S. Kumararaman, Mater. Chem. Phys. 97, 81–84 (2006)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Chandran, R. Paulraj, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Chem. Phys. 186, 365–371 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. R.R. Babu, K. Sethuraman, N. Vijayan, R. Gopalakrishnan, P. Ramasamy, Matter. Lett. 61, 3480–3485 (2007)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. T. Thaila, S. Kumararaman, Spectrachim. Acta A. 82, 20–24 (2011)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. T. Yoshimori, T. Tanaka, Anal. Chem. Acta 66, 85 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. R.R. Babu, K. Sethuraman, N. Vijayan, R. Gopalakrishnan, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Lett. 61, 3480–3485 (2007)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. G. Bhagavannarayana, S. Parthiban, S. Meenakshisundaram, Cryst. Growth. Des. 8, 446–451 (2008)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Senthilpandian, U. Charoen In, P. Ramasamy, P. Manyum, M. Lenin, N. Balamurugan, J. Cryst. Growth 312, 397–401 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. D. Jaishree, G. Kanchana, R. Kesavasamy, Adv. Condens. Matter. Phys. 2014, 5–10 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  31. M. Anbuchezhiyan, S. Ponnusamy, S.P. Singh, P.K. Datta, C. Muthamizhchelvam, Cryst. Res. Technol. 45, 497–501 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. P. Muthusubramanian, A.S. Raj, J. Mol. Struct. 84, 25–37 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. L.V. Azaroff, Introduction to Solids (MC Graw-Hill Book Company Inc., New York/Toronto/London, 1960)

    Google Scholar 

  34. T. Ananthi, S.M. Delphine, A.W. Almusallam, Recent. Res Sci. Technol. 3, 32–40 (2011)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. A. Silambarasan, P. Rajesh, U. Madhusoodanan, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Res. Innov. 21, 27–32 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  36. N. Prabavathi, L. Jayanthi, K. Sudha, Chem. Sci. Rev. Lett. 5, 272–278 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. P. Sharma, S.C. Katyal, Res. Lett. Mater. Sci. 2008, 1–4 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  38. R.B. Kulkarni, M. Anis, S.S. Hussaini, M.D. Shirsat, Int. J. Modern Phys. B 33, 1950010–1950014 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. H. Singh, P. Singh, R. Singh, J. Sharma, A.P. Singh, A. Kumar, A. Thakur, Heliyon 5, e02933 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  40. S. Thirumaran, A. Priyadharshini, N. Karthikeyan, Mater. Phys. Mech. 42, 502–510 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  41. J.H. Joshi, S. Kalainathan, D.K. Kanchan, M.J. Joshi, K.D. Parikh, J. Mater. Sci. 30, 2985–2993 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. I. Khan, M. Anis, U. Bhati, Optik 170, 43–47 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. N. Rani, N. Vijayan, K. Thukral, K.K. Maurya, D. Haranath, G. Bhagavannarayana, S. Verma, M.A. Wahab, Spectrochim. Acta A 105, 192–199 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. S.S. Priya, A. Alexandar, P. Surendran, A. Lakshmanan, P. Rameskumar, P. Sagayaraj, Opt. Mater. 66, 434–441 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  45. B. Brahmaji, S. Rajyalakshmi, T.K. Visweswara Rao, S.R. Valluru, S.K. Esub Basha, Ch Satyakamal, V. Veeraiah, K. Ramachandra Rao, J Sci. 3, 68e76 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  46. P. Handbook, Phosphor Research Society (CRS Press, Washington DC, 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  47. N. Vijayan, G. Bhagavannarayana, R.R. Babu, R. Gopalakrishnan, K.K. Maurya, P. Ramasamy, Cryst. Growth. Des. 6, 1542 (2006)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. N. Pattanaboommee, P. Ramasamy, R. Yimnirum, J. Cryst. Growth 314, 196–201 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  49. A.S. Raj, P. Muthusubramanian, J. Mol. Struct 89, 291–296 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  50. N. Vijayan, R.R. Babu, R. Gopalakrishnan, S. Dhanuskodi, P. Ramasamy, J. Cryst. Growth 236, 407–412 (2002)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. J.T.J. Prakash, S. Ekadevasena, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 28, 7393–7400 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. V. Nagarajan, A.J.N. Ananth, S. Ramaswamy, Cryst. Res. Technol. 53, 1700217–1700224 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  53. P. Selvarajan, J.G. Arulraj, S. Perumal, Physica B 405, 738 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. P.S.L. Mageshwari, R. Priya, S. Krishnan, V. Joseph, S.J. Das, Optik 125, 2289–2294 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. M. Selvapandiyan, J. Arumugam, P. Sundaramoorthi, S. Sudhakar, J. Alloys Compd. 580, 270–275 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. B.R. Lawn, E.R. Fuller, J. Mater. Sci. 9, 2016–2024 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  57. S. Chandran, R. Paulraj, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Res. Bull. 68, 210–215 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. E.M. Onitsch, Uber die mikroharte der metalle. Mikroscopia 2, 131–151 (1947)

    Google Scholar 

  59. M. Hanneman, Metal. Manch. 23, 135 (1941)

    Google Scholar 

  60. K. Nivetha, S. Kalainathan, M. Yamada, Y. Kondo, F. Hamada, J. Mater. Chem. Phys. 28, 5180–5191 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. P. Karuppusamy, M.S. Pandian, P. Ramasamy, S. Verma, Opt. Mater. 79, 152–171 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  62. R.M. Wood, Laser-induced Damage of Optical Materials (Institute of Physics Publishing, Dirac House, Bristol, UK, 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  63. V. Nagarajan, A.N. Ananth, S. Ramaswamy, Mater. Res. Express 4, 125102–125111 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  64. H.R. Dizaji, A.R. Dizaji, A. Rousta, Optik 127, 11336–11341 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. S. Chinnasami, M. Manikandan, C. Senthilkumar, P. Rajesh, P. Ramasamy, Spectrochim Acta A 206, 340–349 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. M. Sheik-Bahae, A.A. Said, T. Wei, D.J. Hagan, E.W. Van Stryland, IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 26, 760–769 (1990)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. M. Sheik-Bahae, A.A. Said, E.W. Van Stryland, Opt. Lett. 14, 955–957 (1989)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. P. Karuppasamy, T. Kamalesh, K. Anitha, S.A. Kalam, M.S. Pandian, P. Ramasamy, S. Verma, S.V. Rao, Opt. Mater. 84, 475–479 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. J. George, D. Sajan, J. Alex, A. Aravind, G. Vinitha, R. Chitra, Opt. Laser. Technol 105, 207–220 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. A. Jafari, R. Naderali, H. Motiei, Opt. Mater. 64, 345–350 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. M.C. Sreenath, I. Hubert Joe, V.K. Rastogi, Dyes Pigments 157, 163–178 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Y. Eranade, M.C. Sreenath, S. Chitrambalam, I.S. Joe, N. Sekar, Opt. Mater. 66, 494–511 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  73. K. Senthil, S. Kalainathan, F. Hamada, M. Yamada, P.G. Aravindan, Opt. Mater 46, 565–577 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. S. Karthika, C. Krishnamoorthi, J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 114, 133–140 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  75. V. Sivasubramani, A. Raja, P. Karuppasamy, K. Ramachandran, M.S. Pandian, P. Ramasamy, Appl. Phys. A 123, 780–795 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  76. M. Thangaraj, G. Vinitha, T.C. Sabari Girisun, P. Anandan, G. Ravi, Opt. Laser Technol 73, 130–134 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. T. He, L. Chen, Y. Su, Y. Lu, L. Bao, G. Chen, Q. Zhang, S. Chen, F. Wu, J. Power sources 441, 227195 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, 636 705, India

    J. Arumugam & M. Selvapandiyan

  2. Department of Physics, Sri Vidya Mandir Arts & Science College, Uthangarai, Tamil Nadu, 636 902, India

    J. Arumugam

  3. Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India

    J. Arumugam

  4. Department of Physics, Govt Arts & Science College, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, 635110, India

    Senthilkumar Chandran

  5. Department of Physics, Centre for Crystal Growth, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India

    M. Srinivasan & P. Ramasamy

Authors
  1. J. Arumugam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Selvapandiyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Senthilkumar Chandran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Srinivasan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. P. Ramasamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Selvapandiyan.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Arumugam, J., Selvapandiyan, M., Chandran, S. et al. Crystal growth, optical, thermal, laser damage threshold, photoconductivity and third-order nonlinear optical studies of KCl doped sulphamic acid single crystals. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 6084–6096 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03161-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03161-9

Search

Navigation