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Self-sensing feature of the ultrasonic nano-displacement actuator in Metglas/PMN-PT/Metglas magnetoelectric composite

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Abstract

Self-sensing feature allows an actuator to be used as a sensor. Magnetoelectric (ME) composites consist of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive layers. ME composite is a proper candidate for the self-sensing feature in a wireless actuator due to its concurrent magnetic-charge order. In this study, the self-sensing feature of a nano-displacement ME actuator is investigated. The ME structure design, as well as the effect of geometric parameter and resonance frequency on the ME signal, is evaluated using a numerical modeling. The Metglas/PMN-PT/Metglas composite was fabricated as an ME actuator. The displacement measurement was conducted using a laser Doppler. The effect of bias field and excitation frequency on sensitivity, linearity, resolution and signal stability of actuator/sensor feature were evaluated by a magnetoelectric measurement setup. The experimental results revealed that the maximum sensitivity of actuator was achieved at the resonance frequency of about 60.7 kHz. Compared to the ME voltage, the phase angle was more reliable for application in the self-sensing feature. The actuator/sensor sensitivity was estimated at about 5.2 nm/mA and 0.64 mV/mA, respectively. Also, the output range of the sensoric feature was measured at 58–272 mV. The fatigue test revealed that the ME signal at the first resonance frequency was more stable than the second mode. The results also confirmed that the magnetoelectric signal could be promising candidate for the self-sensing feature in the ultrasonic nano-displacement actuator.

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Abbreviations

P:

Piezoelectric layer

M:

Magnetostrictive layer

ME:

Magnetoelectric

LDV:

Laser Doppler vibrometry

FEM:

Finite element method

FFT:

Fast Fourier transform

RMS:

Root mean square

ρ :

Density

v :

Poisson’s ratio

E :

Young modulus

C ij :

Elastic stiffness constant

σ :

Electrical conductivity

M S :

Saturation magnetization

χ :

Initial magnetic susceptibility

\(\lambda_{\text{s}}\) :

Saturation magnetostriction

\(\mu_{\text{r}}\) :

Relative permeability

\(\varepsilon_{\text{r}}\) :

Relative permittivity

T e :

Thickness

DOF:

Degree of freedom

I ac :

Excitation current

d :

Displacement

V :

Voltage

F :

Working Frequency

M B :

Bias field

S A :

Actuator sensitivity

S V :

Sensor sensitivity

L :

Linearity

N f :

Fatigue life

T :

Working temperature

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Prof. Yumei Wen and Prof. Ping Li (Lab of sensor and Instrument system, Electronic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China) for their technical support in manufacturing, characterization and measurements of the magnetoelectric actuator.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    M. Sadeghi & Y. Hojjat

  2. School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    M. Sadeghi

  3. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

    M. Khodaei

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  1. M. Sadeghi
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Correspondence to Y. Hojjat.

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Sadeghi, M., Hojjat, Y. & Khodaei, M. Self-sensing feature of the ultrasonic nano-displacement actuator in Metglas/PMN-PT/Metglas magnetoelectric composite. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 740–751 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02581-6

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