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Fabrication of microwave absorbing Ni/NiO/C nanofibers with robust superhydrophobic properties by electrospinning

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Abstract

Electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials with superhydrophobic property and enhanced microwave absorbing ability are very important for the application of stealth technologies, especially in humid conditions. In the present work, the electrospinning technique was employed to fabricate NiAc/PVA nanofibers (NFs) from nickel acetate tetrahydrate (NiAc) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution as precursors, while the PVA component was further pyrolyzed and carbonized to obtain Ni/NiO/C NFs. Microwave absorption performance and EM parameters of the prepared NFs were then investigated from 2.0 to 18.0 GHz. Comparative studies between different samples elucidated not only the possible causes for lose mechanisms, but also impedance matching. According to the experimental results, when NiAc/PVA NFs contained 8% NiAc, the calcinated Ni/NiO/C NFs could achieve an optimum reflection loss of − 33.9 dB at 10.4 GHz under a thickness of 2.5 mm and exhibit an effective frequency bandwidth of 5.7 GHz. Furthermore, the membrane of Ni/NiO/C NFs with the best absorption property exhibited robust hydrophobicity and the contact angle was 144.9°, It shows that the obtained Ni/NiO/C NFs have a broad application prospect in waterproof stealth materials.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51363015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Alloys and Processing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People’s Republic of China

    Yongqian Shen, Yupeng Wei, Yuchen Zhang, Bin Li, Xuefeng Lu, Binghan Ji, Pengze Yan & Xueyan Du

  2. Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China

    Yupeng Wei

  3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Li

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  1. Yongqian Shen
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  2. Yupeng Wei
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  3. Jian Li
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  4. Yuchen Zhang
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Correspondence to Xueyan Du.

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Shen, Y., Wei, Y., Li, J. et al. Fabrication of microwave absorbing Ni/NiO/C nanofibers with robust superhydrophobic properties by electrospinning. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 226–238 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02462-y

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