Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of nano-sized BCZT on structure and electrical properties of KNN-based lead-free piezoceramics

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The (1 − x)(Li0.03Na0.5K0.47)(Nb0.92Sb0.05Ta0.03)O3–xBa0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (LNKNST–BCZT, x = 0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5%) lead-free piezoceramics were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction method with adding nano-sized Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) powder to investigate their influences on crystal structure and electrical properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that all the sintered LNKNST–BCZT ceramics exhibit pure perovskite structure with the mainly rhombohedral (R) phase or the coexistence of rhombohedral (R) phase and tetragonal (T) phase. The composition of the LNKNST–1.5%BCZT ceramics locates around the critical point, i.e., the ceramics changing from the coexistence of rhombohedral (R) phase and tetragonal (T) phase to purely rhombohedral (R) phase, and presents the most densified microstructure morphology, which can be confirmed further by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) observation. There are two dielectric anomalies in the temperature dependent dielectric properties curves of the LNKNST–BCZT ceramics, which correlate with the ferroelectric rhombohedral (R) phase changing to the ferroelectric tetragonal (T) phase, and then to the paraelectric cubic (C) phase. Both the Curie–Weiss law and the power law fittings confirm the diffuse phase transition ferroelectrics characteristic of the LNKNST–1.5%BCZT ceramics, which is considered as correlating with the polar nanoregions (PNRs). Due to the densification effect caused by the chosen amount of nano-sized BCZT doping and the construction of R–T polymorphic phase boundary, the LNKNST–1.5%BCZT ceramics exhibit the best ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. The complex impedance spectroscopy analysis confirms that the extrinsic electrical conduction mechanism at high temperatures is dominated by the oxygen vacancies induced by the evaporation of the alkali metals during sintering.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. N. Setter, R. Waser, Acta Mater. 48, 151 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. G.H. Haertling, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82, 797 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Wang, J.-F. Li, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 262902 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. X. Pang, J. Qiu, K. Zhu, J. Du, Ceram. Int. 38, 2521 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Zheng, J. Wu, X. Cheng, X. Wang, B. Zhang, D. Xiao, J. Zhu, X. Lou, X. Wang, Dalton Trans. 43, 11759 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. D. Lin, K.W. Kwok, H.L.W. Chan, J. Alloys Compd. 461, 273 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. J.L. Zhang, X.J. Zong, L. Wu, Y. Gao, P. Zheng, S.F. Shao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 022909 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. G.Y. Cheng, X.H. Fu, X. Jin, W.H. Tao, Y.Q. Qiang, Appl. Mech. Mater. 740, 7 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. R. Wang, K. Wang, F. Yao, J.-F. Li, F.H. Schader, K.G. Webber, W. Jo, J. Rödel, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98, 2177 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. M.-H. Zhang, K. Wang, J.-S. Zhou, J.-J. Zhou, X. Chu, X. Lv, J. Wu, J.-F. Li, Acta Mater. 122, 344 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. T.R. Shrout, S.J. Zhang, J. Electroceram. 19, 113 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Rödel, W. Jo, K.T.P. Seifert, E.-M. Anton, T. Granzow, D. Damjanovic, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92, 1153 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. J. Wu, D. Xiao, J. Zhu, Chem. Rev. 115, 2559 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. R.E. Jaeger, L. Egerton, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 45, 209 (1962)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. M.-H. Zhang, K. Wang, Y.-J. Du, G. Dai, W. Sun, G. Li, D. Hu, H.C. Thong, C. Zhao, X.-Q. Xi, Z.-X. Yue, J.-F. Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139, 3889 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Zuo, J. Fu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 94, 1467 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  17. K. Xu, J. Li, X. Lv, J. Wu, X. Zhang, D. Xiao, J. Zhu, Adv. Mater. 28, 8519 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. W. Liu, X. Ren, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, (2009)

  19. C. Han, J. Wu, C. Pu, S. Qiao, B. Wu, J. Zhu, D. Xiao, Ceram. Int. 38, 6359 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Y. Cui, X. Liu, M. Jiang, X. Zhao, X. Shan, W. Li, C. Yuan, C. Zhou, Ceram. Int. 38, 4761 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. X. Liu, Z. Chen, B. Fang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Xu, H. Luo, J. Alloys Compd. 640, 128 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. X. Liu, Z. Chen, D. Wu, B. Fang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Xu, H. Luo, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54, 071501 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. X. Liu, D. Wu, Z. Chen, B. Fang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Luo, Adv. Appl. Ceram. 114, 436 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. C. Liu, X. Liu, D. Wang, Z. Chen, B. Fang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Xu, H. Luo, Ceram. Int. 40, 9881 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. X. Liu, M. Zhu, Z. Chen, B. Fang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Xu, H. Luo, J. Alloys Compd. 613, 219 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. N. Jiang, B. Fang, J. Wu, Q. Du, J. Alloys Compd. 509, 2420 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. B. Fang, N. Jiang, J. Ding, Phys. Status Solidi (a) 209, 1239 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. R. Zhu, Y. Yin, B. Fang, Z. Chen, S. Zhang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Luo, Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 74, 30101 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. R. Zhu, Q. Zhang, B. Fang, J. Ding, X. Zhao, Y. Tang, H. Luo, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28, 12929 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. X. Wei, Y. Feng, X. Yao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2031 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. V.V. Shvartsman, W. Kleemann, J. Dec, Z.K. Xu, S.G. Lu, J. Appl. Phys. 99, 124111 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. B. Fang, C. Ding, Q. Du, Y. Shan, K. Tezuka, H. Imoto, J. Phys. D 42, 165408 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. G.A. Smolenskii, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 28, 26 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  34. K. Uchino, S. Nomura, Ferroelectrics 44, 55 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. E. Cai, Q. Liu, F. Zeng, Y. Wang, A. Xue, Ceram. Int. 44, 788 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. T. Shi, L. Gu, J. Zhu, J. Appl. Phys. 120, 124103 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. L.B. Abdessalem, M.B. Abdessalem, A. Aydi, Z. Sassi, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28, 14264 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. D. Wang, M. Cao, S. Zhang, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 95, 3220 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Z. Chen, Z. Li, J. Ding, J. Chang. Univ. Nat. Sci. Ed. 29, 13 (2017) (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  40. R. Zhu, W. Ji, B. Fang, D. Wu, Z. Chen, J. Ding, X. Zhao, H. Luo, Ceram. Int. 43, 6417 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. D. Kobor, B. Guiffard, L. Lebrun, A. Hajjaji, D. Guyomar, J. Phys. D 40, 2920 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. M. Li, M.J. Pietrowski, R.A. De Souza, H. Zhang, I.M. Reaney, S.N. Cook, J.A. Kilner, D.C. Sinclair, Nat. Mater. 13, 31 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. R. Rai, I. Coondoo, R. Rani, I. Bdikin, S. Sharma, A.L. Kholkin, Curr. Appl. Phys. 13, 430 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51577015, 51772192), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 17070502700), the Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions for financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People’s Republic of China

    Juejin Ji, Bijun Fang, Shuai Zhang, Qingbo Du & Jianning Ding

  2. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Device, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People’s Republic of China

    Xiangyong Zhao

  3. School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People’s Republic of China

    Jianning Ding

  4. Key Laboratory of Inorganic Function Material and Device, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, People’s Republic of China

    Haosu Luo

Authors
  1. Juejin Ji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bijun Fang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiangyong Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shuai Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Qingbo Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jianning Ding
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Haosu Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Bijun Fang, Jianning Ding or Haosu Luo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ji, J., Fang, B., Zhao, X. et al. Effects of nano-sized BCZT on structure and electrical properties of KNN-based lead-free piezoceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 29, 4422–4431 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-8389-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-8389-x

Search

Navigation