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Effect of urea on the morphology and room temperature ferromagnetism of CeO2 microstructures synthesized by hydrothermal method

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Abstract

CeO2 microstructures with different morphologies were successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method using Ce(NO3)3·6H2O as the cerium source, urea as precipitator and carbon source, and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as surfactant. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the synthesized CeO2 have the fluorite structure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that the synthesized CeO2 have cometary shape microstructures. The estimated direct band gaps (E g ) of CeO2 are 0.08–0.15 eV smaller than that of bulk CeO2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that there are plenty of Ce3+ ions and oxygen vacancies at surface of CeO2. The emission intensity decreases with the increase of urea from 10 to 40 mmol. All the synthesized CeO2 exhibited the room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM), and saturation magnetization (M s ) increases with the increase of E g up to 3.06 eV and then decreases with E g increasing more. The RTFM mechanism of cometary shape CeO2 has been proposed which is mainly associated with the oxygen vacancies and Ce3+ ions.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (1508085SME219).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China

    Fanming Meng, Rui Qin, Zhenghua Fan, Cheng Zhang & Linfeng Su

  2. Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Dalian, 116024, People’s Republic of China

    Fanming Meng

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  1. Fanming Meng
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  2. Rui Qin
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  4. Cheng Zhang
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Correspondence to Fanming Meng.

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Meng, F., Qin, R., Fan, Z. et al. Effect of urea on the morphology and room temperature ferromagnetism of CeO2 microstructures synthesized by hydrothermal method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 6169–6175 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-6295-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-6295-2

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