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Raman investigation of rutile-phased TiO2 nanorods/nanoflowers with various reaction times using one step hydrothermal method

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Abstract

Rutile-phased titanium dioxide nanorods (r-TNRs) and rutile-phased titanium dioxide nanoflowers (r-TNFs) were deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide coated glass by using one step hydrothermal method at a fixed temperature of 150 °C. The hydrothermal treatment was conducted by varying the reaction time at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h. The effect of reaction time on surface morphology, structure property, crystallite size and Raman spectra was investigated. The nanostructure samples were analysed using X-ray diffractometer, field emission-scanning electron microscope, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The resulting micro-Raman spectra show abnormal behaviour of Raman intensity. The micro-Raman spectra of the nanostructure samples exhibit insignificant changes and shifting of Raman bands with increasing reaction time. This behaviour can be attributed to the shape and surface morphology distribution of r-TNRs/r-TNFs.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Education (MOE) Malaysia (Vot 1213), Microelectronic and Nanotechnology-Shamsuddin Research Centre (MiNT-SRC) and Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) for financial support using Vot U331.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Microelectronic and Nanotechnology-Shamsuddin Research Centre (MiNT-SRC), Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia

    M. K. Ahmad, S. M. Mokhtar, C. F. Soon & N. Nafarizal

  2. Nanotechnology Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia

    A. B. Suriani & A. Mohamed

  3. Nano-ElecTronic Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, UiTM, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    M. H. Mamat & M. F. Malek

  4. Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 432-8011, Japan

    M. Shimomura & K. Murakami

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  1. M. K. Ahmad
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  2. S. M. Mokhtar
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  3. C. F. Soon
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  4. N. Nafarizal
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  5. A. B. Suriani
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  6. A. Mohamed
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  7. M. H. Mamat
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  9. M. Shimomura
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  10. K. Murakami
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Correspondence to M. K. Ahmad.

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Ahmad, M.K., Mokhtar, S.M., Soon, C.F. et al. Raman investigation of rutile-phased TiO2 nanorods/nanoflowers with various reaction times using one step hydrothermal method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 27, 7920–7926 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4783-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4783-z

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