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Band gap tailoring, structural and morphological properties of Zn0.98−xMn0.02CuxO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) nanopowders by sol–gel method

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Abstract

Zn0.98−xMn0.02CuxO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) nanopowders have been synthesized by sol–gel method. The synthesized nanopowders were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectra, UV–visible spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The XRD measurement revealed that the prepared nanopowders have different microstructure without changing a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The calculated average crystallite size was decreased from 22.4 to 16.7 nm for Cu = 0–0.02 then gradually increased to 21.5 nm for Cu = 0.05 which were confirmed by SEM. The change in lattice parameters, shift in X-ray diffraction peaks and the change in energy gap revealed the substitution of Cu2+ ions into Zn–Mn–O lattice. The observed red shift of optical energy gap (Eg ≈ 0.27 eV) at lower concentrations (Cu ≤ 2 %) is explained by increasing charge carriers and Moss–Burstein effect meanwhile blue shift (Eg ≈ 0.56 eV) at higher Cu concentrations (Cu > 2 %) is explained in terms of the distortion of host lattice and generation of defects. The variation of crystallite size was discussed in terms of micro-strain.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the University Grant Commission, Hyderabad, for financial support under the project (File No.: MRP- 3610/11(MRP/UGC-SERO)).

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  1. PG and Research Department of Physics, H. H. The Rajah’s College (Autonomous), Pudukkottai, 622 001, Tamilnadu, India

    D. Anbuselvan & S. Muthukumaran

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  1. D. Anbuselvan
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  2. S. Muthukumaran
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Correspondence to S. Muthukumaran.

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Anbuselvan, D., Muthukumaran, S. Band gap tailoring, structural and morphological properties of Zn0.98−xMn0.02CuxO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) nanopowders by sol–gel method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 24, 4113–4121 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-013-1369-x

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