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Effect of two-step sintering on rare earth (RE = Y2O3, Pr6O11) doped ZnO–Bi2O3 varistors processed from ‘nano-precursor’ powders

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Abstract

Nano size ZnO–Bi2O3 varistor precursor powders containing Y2O3 and Pr6O11 rare earth dopants were prepared by low temperature refluxing at 80 °C. Effect of rare earth dopants, densification by two-step sintering, evolution of microstructures and their influence on varistor properties were investigated. Chemically synthesized nano- precursor varistor powders produced controlled grain size in two-step sintering in which the average sintered ZnO grain size was reduced to at least half compared to the conventionally processed ZnO–Bi2O3 varistors. The study revealed that such grain size reduction is highly beneficial to attain enhanced varistor properties.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Director, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), CSIR for providing the necessary facilities for the work. We thank the Indian Rare earth LTD, DAE, India for financial funding. Dr. S.N. Potty, Mr. M. Kiran and Mr. M.R. Chandran are kindly acknowledged for their assistance in Electrical measurements, TEM and SEM respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Trivandrum, 695019, Kerala, India

    K. V. Mahesh, S. Anas, S. Rahul & S. Ananthakumar

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  1. K. V. Mahesh
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  2. S. Anas
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  3. S. Rahul
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  4. S. Ananthakumar
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Correspondence to S. Ananthakumar.

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Mahesh, K.V., Anas, S., Rahul, S. et al. Effect of two-step sintering on rare earth (RE = Y2O3, Pr6O11) doped ZnO–Bi2O3 varistors processed from ‘nano-precursor’ powders. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 24, 1495–1504 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-012-0961-9

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