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Tailoring microstructure and mechanical anisotropy of laser-MIG hybrid additive manufacturing TC11 titanium alloy through solution aging treatment

  • Metals & corrosion
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Abstract

The mechanisms of microstructure transformation and mechanical anisotropy of laser-MIG hybrid additive manufacturing TC11 titanium alloy after solution aging treatment are investigated. In this paper, different solution temperatures and cooling modes are applied to tailor the microstructure and improve high-temperature properties and anisotropy. The result shows the microstructure of the samples in the as-deposited state is dominated by a widmanstatten structure composed of lamellar α clusters. Following solution aging treatment, a large area of basket-weave structure is obtained in the samples. A major influence of spheroidization of lamellar α clusters and dynamic recrystallization on mechanical anisotropy is revealed. The heat-treated samples exhibit more superior combined strength, elongation, impact toughness. The hardness difference between the layers and mechanical anisotropy decreases. During high-temperature tensile tests, the tensile strength increases with rising solution temperature; while, the elongation shows the opposite trend. The tensile fracture exhibits abundant uniform equiaxed dimples, and the fracture mode changes from intergranular fracture to transgranular fracture. Solution treatment at 990 °C for 2 h followed by air cooling is considered to be the optimal heat treatment process. Consequently, it results in a high tensile strength of 811 MPa and an excellent impact toughness of 50 J, representing improvements of 16.08% and 71.08%.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Yuhang Duan for guidance on experimental design and data analysis. Appreciation also goes to Dr. Juan Fu for assistance with mechanical testing and strengthening mechanism insights. Thanks are extended to Mr. Guoqiang Chen, Mr. Yonghui Qin and Mr. Shuming Song for microscopy sample preparation and imaging support. The first author acknowledges the mentorship of Professor Yong Zhao in additive manufacturing research. This work benefited greatly from the collaborative research environment fostered by all involved.

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The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China

    Jilong Guo, Yang Liu, Yong Zhao, Feiyun Wang & Yuhang Duan

  2. Jiangsu Yangzi-Mitsui Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Taicang, 215400, Jiangsu, China

    Guoqiang Chen, Yonghui Qin & Shuming Song

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  1. Jilong Guo
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Contributions

Jilong Guo contributed to conceptualization, investigation, data curation, experiments, and writing—original draft preparation. Yang Liu contributed to investigation, experiments, and writing—review & editing. Yong Zhao contributed to investigation, supervision, funding acquisition, and writing—review & editing. Feiyun Wang contributed to data curation, supervision, and writing—review & editing. Yuhang Duan contributed to software and experiments. Guoqiang Chen contributed to supervision and funding acquisition. Yonghui Qin contributed to investigation. Shuming Song contributed to funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Yong Zhao.

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Guo, J., Liu, Y., Zhao, Y. et al. Tailoring microstructure and mechanical anisotropy of laser-MIG hybrid additive manufacturing TC11 titanium alloy through solution aging treatment. J Mater Sci 59, 9625–9642 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09748-5

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