Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Size distribution and solidification of Cu-rich dispersed particles in the core region of stable core shell microstructures of metastable alloy

  • Metals & corrosion
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The particle size distribution and solidification of dispersed Cu-rich particles within the core region of stable core shell microstructures in drop tube processed metastable Cu-50 at. % Co alloy was studied with a view of understanding the evolution and growth of these microstructures. Microstructural evidence indicates that the formation of the core shell microstructures is highly influenced by nucleation and growth phenomenon. Coalescence propelled by collision is favoured in smaller droplets owing to their higher cooling rates and subsequent higher degree of undercooling to facilitate the liquid phase separation process. Weaker Marangoni motion impeded the further convergence of the Cu-rich particles within the core region.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Data and code availability

Not applicable.

References

  1. Zhou ZM, Gao J, Li F, Zhang YK, Wang YP, Kolbe M (2009) On the metastable miscibility gap in liquid Cu–Cr alloys. J Mater Sci 44:3793–3799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3511-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Munitz A, Abbaschian R (1996) Microstructure of Cu-Co alloys solidified at various supercoolings. Metall Mater Trans A 27:4049–4059. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ratke L, Korekt G, Brück S, Schmidt-Hohagen F, Kasperovich G, Köhler M (2009) Phase equilibria and phase separation processes in immiscible alloys, in: 2nd Sino Ger Symp

  4. Herlach DM, Holland-Moritz D, Galenko P (2006) Metastable solids from undercooled melts, Elsevier

  5. Nakagawa Y (1958) Liquid immiscibility in copper-iron and copper-cobalt systems in the supercooled state. Acta Metall 6:704–711. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(58)90061-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Yamauchi IN, Ueno M, Shimaoka IO (1998) Undercooling in Co—Cu alloys and its effect on solidification structure. J Mater Sci 33:371–378. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004319829612.

  7. Munitz A, Abbaschian R (1991) Two-melt separation in supercooled Cu-Co alloys solidifying in a drop-tube. J Mater Sci 26:6458–6466. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00551897

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhang Y, Wu Z, Wang M, Yang C, Wilde G (2014) Effect of undercooling on particle size distribution in phase separated Cu75Co25-xMx (M = Ni, Fe) alloys with low M content. J Alloys Compd 596:55–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.01.182

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Potard C (1982) Structures of immiscible A1-In alloys solidified under microgravity conditions. Acta Astronaut 9:245–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(82)90027-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Liu Y, Guo J, Su Y, Ding H, Jia J (2001) Microstructure of rapidly solidified Al-In immiscible alloy. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 11:84–89

    Google Scholar 

  11. Moore K, Zhang D, Cantor B (1990) Solidification of Pb particles embedded in Al. Acta Metall Mater 38:1327–1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(90)90205-U

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Luo X, Chen L (2008) Investigation of microgravity effect on solidification of medium-low-melting-point alloy by drop tube experiment. Sci China Ser E Technol Sci 51:1370–1379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-008-0128-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wang Y, Song X, Sun Z, Zhou X, Guo J (2007) The solidification of CuCr alloys under various cooling rates. Mater Sci Pol 25:199–207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Sun Z, Wang Y, Guo J (2006) Liquid phase separation of Cu-Cr alloys during rapid cooling. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 16:998–1002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60367-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Fihey JL, Nguyen-Duy P, Roberge R (1976) On the solidification microstructure of copper-rich niobium alloys. J Mater Sci 11:2307–2311. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00752095

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen YZ, Liu F, Yang GC, Xu XQ, Zhou YH (2007) Rapid solidification of bulk undercooled hypoperitectic Fe–Cu alloy. J Alloys Compd 427:L1–L5. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JALLCOM.2006.03.012

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. He J, Zhao J (2005) Behavior of Fe-rich phase during rapid solidification of Cu–Fe hypoperitectic alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 404:85–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MSEA.2005.05.045

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Cao CD, Wei B, Herlach DM (2002) Disperse structures of undercooled Co-40 wt% Cu droplets processed in drop tube. J Mater Sci Lett 21:341–343. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017913029777

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhang Y, Gao J, Yasuda H, Kolbe M, Wilde G (2014) Particle size distribution and composition in phase-separated Cu 75Co25 alloys under various magnetic fields. Scr Mater 82:5–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2014.03.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhao JZ, Ratke L, Feuerbacher B (1998) Microstructure evolution of immiscible alloys during cooling through the miscibility gap. Model Simul Mater Sci Eng 6:123–139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kolbe M, Gao JR (2005) Liquid phase separation of Co-Cu alloys in the metastable miscibility gap. Mater Sci Eng A 413–414:509–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhang YK, Gao J, Nagamatsu D, Fukuda T, Yasuda H, Kolbe M, He JC (2008) Reduced droplet coarsening in electromagnetically levitated and phase-separated Cu-Co alloys by imposition of a static magnetic field. Scr Mater 59:1002–1005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.07.005

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhang Y, Gao J, Wei L, Kolbe M, Volkmann T, Herlach D (2011) Novel insight into microstructural evolution of phase-separated Cu–Co alloys under influence of forced convection. J Mater Sci 46:6603–6608

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Jegede OE, Cochrane RF, Mullis AM (2018) Metastable monotectic phase separation in Co–Cu alloys. J Mater Sci 53:11749–11764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2417-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Oluwatoyin Jegede is a commonwealth scholar, sponsored by the UK government.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Oluwatoyin E. Jegede, Andrew M. Mullis & Robert F. Cochrane

  2. Department of Works and Physical Planning, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

    Oluwatoyin E. Jegede

Authors
  1. Oluwatoyin E. Jegede
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Andrew M. Mullis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robert F. Cochrane
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Oluwatoyin E. Jegede.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare they have no conflict of interest related to this work.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Additional information

Handling Editor: Catalin Croitoru.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jegede, O.E., Mullis, A.M. & Cochrane, R.F. Size distribution and solidification of Cu-rich dispersed particles in the core region of stable core shell microstructures of metastable alloy. J Mater Sci 58, 4213–4222 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08287-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08287-9

Search

Navigation