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Measurement and simulation of residual stresses in transient liquid phase bonded ferritic steels

Journal of Materials Science volume 57, pages 20833–20849 (2022)Cite this article

Abstract

Ferritic steel bars—25 mm in diameter—were welded by transient liquid phase bonding (TLPB) using Fe-based amorphous metallic foils as filler material. The resulting residual stress (RS) field shows a low peak magnitude—of 147 MPa—as measured by neutron diffraction. The most distinctive feature of TLPB is the heat input delivered simultaneously at the whole joint that allows much lower cooling rates compared with arc welding (AW). Therefore, the elapsed time between 800 and 500 °C (t 8/5) was particularly long reaching 390 s. As a result, a low RS peak magnitude (147 MPa) was obtained in the as-welded condition. This value is well below the RS peak magnitude obtained with AW which typically attain the yield strength of the base metal (276 MPa). The numerical simulation of RS at the welded bars was performed by a thermal and mechanical analysis. It shows that TLPB produced a large austenized region, low cooling rates and a remarkable t 8/5. Consequently, the large volume in which the heat input is delivered is the driving force to reduce RS peak magnitudes. From the mechanical analysis, it was found that the simulated RS was in good agreement with the measured RS. Therefore, the proposed numerical simulation model can be used to predict RS in TLPB weldments.

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Notes

  1. It is worth noting that the usefulness of measuring RS by ND depends on the specimen dimensions. For small specimens, the gauge volume for ND can be very large (e.g.: It may capture both the fusion zone and the heat affected zone).

  2. AC1 is the temperature which corresponds to the boundary between the ferrite-cementite field and the fields containing austenite and ferrite, while AC3 is the temperature which corresponds to the boundary between the ferrite-austenite and austenite fields (during heating of ferritic steels).

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Acknowledgements

This work was partly supported by the Universidad de Buenos Aires [Grant No. 20020170200266BA]. Neutron experiments were performed at the Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin (ILL), Grenoble, France under beam time grant https://dx.doi.org/10.5291/ILL-DATA.DIR-169. The authors acknowledge Metglas® for providing the filler material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Laboratorio de Sólidos Amorfos, Paseo Colón 850, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Nicolás Di Luozzo & Marcelo Fontana

  2. CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería “Hilario Fernández Long” (INTECIN), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Nicolás Di Luozzo & Marcelo Fontana

  3. Institut Max von Laue – Paul Langevin (ILL), 71 Av. des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France

    Sandra Cabeza

  4. Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, 38000, Grenoble, France

    Michel Boudard

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  1. Nicolás Di Luozzo
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  2. Sandra Cabeza
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  3. Michel Boudard
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  4. Marcelo Fontana
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Contributions

NDL contributed to conceptualization, methodology, software, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review & editing, visualization, supervision, project administration and funding acquisition. SC contributed to methodology, software, validation, investigation, data curation, writing—review & editing. MB contributed to investigation and writing—review & editing. MF contributed to resources and writing—review & editing.

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Correspondence to Nicolás Di Luozzo.

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Handling Editor: Catalin Croitoru.

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Di Luozzo, N., Cabeza, S., Boudard, M. et al. Measurement and simulation of residual stresses in transient liquid phase bonded ferritic steels. J Mater Sci 57, 20833–20849 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07911-4

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