Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Synthesis of porous polyurea microspheres for matting coating

  • Chemical routes to materials
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A type of porous polyurea microspheres for matting coating were prepared by precipitation polymerization in H2O/Acetonitrile (AN) solution, using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as polymerized monomer, 2, 4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt as hydrophilic monomer and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as porogen. The effect of the type of porogen, reaction temperature, dry methods, post-perforation method and polyvinylpyrrolidone loading on the surface porosity was investigated. Meanwhile, the effect of the surface porosity and roughness of microspheres on the matting properties of the coating was also investigated. The results indicated that PVP porogen has played an important role in regulating the surface porosity of microspheres and shows superior perforation. When 15 wt% PVP (based on isophorone diisocyanate loading) was used as porogen, the reaction was carried at 50 °C in a shorter time, and the crude product was dried in a state of water dispersion at 100 °C, the resultant microspheres with maximal porous surface can be achieved. Post-perforation can further increase the surface roughness and porosity of polyurea microspheres without changing its particle size. When 5 wt% porous polyurea microspheres were added to the water-based polyurethane (WPU) coating, the gloss of the coating decreased from 6.27° to 1.14° (60° incident angle).

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Xie T, Kao W, Sun L et al (2020) Preparation and characterization of self-matting waterborne polymer–an overview. Prog Org Coat 142:105569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Li JJ, Zheng W, Zeng WB et al (2014) Structure, properties and application of a novel low-glossed waterborne polyurethane. Appl Surf Sci 307:255–262

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Gunde MK, Kunaver M, Cekada M (2007) Surface analysis of matt powder coatings. Dyes Pigments 74:202–207

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Yong QW, Nian FW, Liao B et al (2017) Synthesis and surface analysis of self-matt coating based on waterborne polyurethane resin and study on the matt mechanism. Polym Bull 74:1061–1076

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sun Z, Fan HJ, Chen Y et al (2018) Synthesis of self-matting waterborne polyurethane coatings with excellent transmittance. Polym Int 67:78–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Xiao JJ, Qiu ZM, Yang WR et al (2018) Organosilicone modification of allyl methacrylate with speier’s catalyst for waterborne self-matting styrene-acrylic emulsion. Prog Org Coat 116:1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yong QW, Pang H, Liao B et al (2018) Preparation and characterization of low gloss aqueous coating via forming self-roughed surface based on waterborne polyurethane acrylate hybrid emulsion. Prog Org Coat 115:18–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ge XP, Wang MZ, Wang H et al (2010) Novel walnut-like multihollow polymer particles: synthesis and morphology control. Langmuir 26:1635–1641

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ge JP, Hu YX, Zhang TR et al (2007) Superparamagnetic composite colloids with anisotropic structures. J Am Chem Soc 129:8974

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Sui Y, Cui Y, Xia GM et al (2019) A facile route to preparation of immobilized cellulase on polyurea microspheres for improving catalytic activity and stability. Process Biochem 87:73–82

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bashir MS, Jiang XB, Kong XZ (2020) Porous polyurea microspheres with Pd immobilized on surface and their catalytic activity in 4-nitrophenol reduction and organic dyes degradation. Eur Polym J 129:109652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bashir MS, Jiang XB, Li SS et al (2019) Highly uniform and porous polyurea microspheres: clean and easy preparation by interface polymerization, palladium incorporation, and high catalytic performance for dye degradation. Front Chem 7:314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bashir MS (2021) Benign fabrication process of hierarchal porous polyurea microspheres with tunable pores and porosity: their Pd immobilization and use for hexavalent chromium reduction. Chem Eng Res Des 175:102–114

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Haginaka J (2008) Monodispersed, molecularly imprinted polymers as affinity-based chromatography media. J Chromatogr B 866:3–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bilgili MS (2006) Adsorption of 4-chlorophenol from aqueous solutions by xad-4 resin: isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic analysis. J Hazard Mater 137:157–164

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Pan BC, Zhang QX, Meng FW et al (2005) Sorption enhancement of aromatic Sulfonates onto an aminated hyper-cross-linked polymer. Environ Sci Technol 39:3308–3313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Sherrington DC (2001) Polymer-supported reagents, catalysts, and sorbents: evolution and exploitation—a personalized view. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 39:2364–2377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bashir MS, Jiang XB, Yang XJ et al (2021) Porous polyurea supported pd catalyst: easy preparation, full characterization, and high activity and reusability in reduction of hexavalent chromium in aqueous system. Ind Eng Chem Res 60:8108–8119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bashir MS, Kong XZ, Ramzan N et al (2022) Systematic study on interfacial polymerization mechanism of toluene diisocyanate and water for the preparation of polyurea microspheres. Inorg Chem Commun 143:109814

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Jia L, Wang L, Li J et al (2022) Silica-embedded polyurea microspheres with rough surface for matte leather finishing. J Am Leather Chem As 117:184–194

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Gokmen MT, Du Prez FE (2012) Porous polymer particles—a comprehensive guide to synthesis, characterization, functionalization and applications. Prog Polym Sci 37:365–405

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yu B, Luo Y, Cong H et al (2016) Preparation of crosslinked porous polyurea microspheres in one-step precipitation polymerization and its application for water treatment. RSC Adv 6:111806–111811

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Benes MJ, Horak D, Svec F (2005) Methacrylate-based chromatographic media. J Sep Sci 28:1855–1875

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Garcia-Diego C, Cuellar J (2005) Synthesis of macroporous poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microparticles using n–Heptane as the porogen: quantitative effects of the DVB concentration and the monomeric fraction on their structural characteristics. Ind Eng Chem Res 44:8237–8247

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Behzad H, Ghodsi FE (2018) PVP-assisted enhancement in ion storage performance of sol-gel derived nano-structured NiCo2O4 thin films as battery-type electrode. Mater Res Bull 99:336–342

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Jiang XB, Zhu XL, Kong XZ (2012) A facile route to preparation of uniform polymer microspheres by quiescent polymerization with reactor standing still without any stirring. Chem Eng J 213:214–217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wang TY, Sun Z, Liang FF et al (2019) Poly(methylmethacrylate) microspheres with matting characteristic prepared by dispersion polymerization. Int J Polym Anal Ch 24:731–740

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Sponarova D, Horak D (2008) Poly(N, N–diethylacrylamide) microspheres by dispersion polymerization. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 46:6263–6271

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Islam MF, Rojas E, Bergey DM et al (2003) High weight fraction surfactant solubilization of single-wall carbon nanotubes in water. Nano Lett 3:269–273

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Jiang J, Zhang Y, Guo X et al (2011) Narrow or monodisperse, highly cross-linked, and “living” polymer microspheres by atom transfer radical precipitation polymerization. Macromolecules 44:5893–5904

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Luo H, Wei H, Wang L et al (2022) Anti-smudge and self-cleaning characteristics of waterborne polyurethane coating and its construction. J Colloid Interface Sci 628:1070–1081

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Temizkan E, Eroğlu G, Ergün A et al (2021) Preparation, characterization, and influence of polyurea coatings on their layered composite materials based on flexible rebonded polyurethane. Polym Eng Sci 61:1392–1404

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Kim HT, Jaladi AK, Lee YJ et al (2020) Thermal expansion behavior of thermally expandable microspheres prepared by suspension polymerization using P(AN-MMA-MAA) core/shell. B Korean Chem Soc 41:190–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Guo XY, Jin GQ (2005) Pore-size control in the sol-gel synthesis of mesoporous silicon carbide. J Mater Sci 40:1301–1303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the financial support from the Pioneers & Leader Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (Project No. 2022C01190), the key R&D project of Shandong (major scientific and technological innovation project) project (2019JZZY010355). The authors would thank Wang Zhonghui (The College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University) for her great help in FTIR observation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China

    Qiang Gao, Liang Jia, Aiqin Zhang, Li Wang, Hao Peng, Wenkai Wang, Shenglin Zhou, Jun Xiang, Yi Chen & Haojun Fan

Authors
  1. Qiang Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Liang Jia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aiqin Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Li Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hao Peng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Wenkai Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Shenglin Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Jun Xiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Yi Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Haojun Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haojun Fan.

Additional information

Handling Editor: Maude Jimenez.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 2277 KB)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gao, Q., Jia, L., Zhang, A. et al. Synthesis of porous polyurea microspheres for matting coating. J Mater Sci 57, 19730–19742 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07893-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07893-3

Search

Navigation