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Protein encapsulation in functionalized sol–gel silica: influence of organosilanes and main silica precursors

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Abstract

Over the last few years, bone repair has increasingly gained in importance. In recent years, considerable attention has been given to the administration of therapeutic biomolecules to promote tissue regeneration. The aim of this work is the study of the influence of functional groups present at the surface of silica pores on the release kinetics of a model protein (i.e. Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor, STI). The carried protein was examined via: (i) the impregnation of silica gels in the protein solution after the silica gel drying and/or calcination (i.e. impregnation method), and ii) the direct incorporation of the protein during the silica gel synthesis (i.e. in situ method). Surface chemistry and textural properties were tuned using different organosilanes (i.e. functionalized silanes containing amine, ethylene diamine, or phenyl groups) and different main silica precursors (i.e. containing methoxy or ethoxy groups). These physicochemical modifications were shown to deeply affect the immobilization and release kinetic of STI. In particular, for both encapsulation methods, phenyl-modified samples presented a high amount of encapsulated STI accompanied by a very low release of STI over the 85-day period. The other functional groups gave rise to a lower encapsulation yield. Regarding the protein release profiles, a fast release of STI was observed for the samples prepared via the impregnation method, which showed a burst effect followed by a sustained release until day 30. On the opposite, the in situ method allowed a better control of the release rate of this protein over the first 24 h followed by a sustained released up to 85 days.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) under a Fund for Research Training in Industry and Agriculture (FRIA) grant, the “Ministère wallon de la Recherche et de l’Innovation”, the Interreg VA Grande Région program, and the Wallonia region. Stéphanie D. Lambert and Ana P. F. Monteiro thank the F.R.S.-FNRS for their Senior Research Associate position and Postdoctoral Researcher position, respectively. Rémi G. Tilkin and Nicolas Régibeau also thank the F.R.S.-FNRS for their FRIA grant. The authors would like to thank Camille Tilkin for her corrections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering – Nanomaterials, Catalysis and Electrochemistry (NCE), University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 11, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Rémi G. Tilkin, Nicolas Régibeau, Ana P. F. Monteiro & Stéphanie D. Lambert

  2. Interfaculty Research Center of Biomaterials (CEIB), University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 11, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Rémi G. Tilkin, Nicolas Régibeau, Romain Vandeberg, Ana P. F. Monteiro & Christian Grandfils

  3. Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    Julien G. Mahy

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  1. Rémi G. Tilkin
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Tilkin, R.G., Mahy, J.G., Régibeau, N. et al. Protein encapsulation in functionalized sol–gel silica: influence of organosilanes and main silica precursors. J Mater Sci 56, 14234–14256 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06182-9

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