Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Alkyl phosphate modified graphene oxide as friction and wear reduction additives in oil

  • Chemical routes to materials
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Alkyl phosphate modified graphene oxide (GON-DDP) was successfully synthesized using dodecanol, ethanol amine and self-made graphene oxide (GO) as precursors. The structure and morphology of GON-DDP were characterized by FT-IR, XPS, TG/DSC, SEM and TEM. The characterization results indicate that long alkyl phosphate chains were successfully grafted on GO surface, which guaranteed the dispersibility of GON-DDP in hydroisomerization dewax base oil (VHVI8). Then the tribology properties of GON-DDP as friction reduction and anti-wear additive in VHVI8 were evaluated on four-ball machine and SRV test system. The results show that the friction coefficient and wear scar diameter were reduced by 22.7% and 30.3% compared with bare VHVI8 base oil. Moreover, the non-seizure load of VHVI8 was significantly raised by adding GON-DDP. Finally, the lubrication mechanism was proposed according to Raman analysis on the worn surfaces of steel balls.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Zhang Y (2004) Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 306:666. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102896

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Dommett GH et al (2006) Graphene-based composite materials. Nature 442:282. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04969

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wintterlin J, Bocquet ML (2009) Graphene on metal surfaces. Surf Sci 603:1841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2008.08.037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ramanathan T, Abdala AA, Stankovich S et al (2008) Functionalized graphene sheets for polymer nanocomposites. Nat Nano 3:327. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2008.96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Park S, Ruoff RS (2009) Chemical methods for the production of graphenes. Nat Nano 4:217. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang Y, Tan Y-W, Stormer HL, Kim P (2005) Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry’s phase in graphene. Nature 438:201. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Berger C, Song Z, Li T et al (2004) Ultrathin epitaxial graphite: 2D electron gas properties and a route toward graphene-based nanoelectronics. J Phys Chem B 108:19912. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp040650f

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Eswaraiah V, Balasubramaniam K, Ramaprabhu S (2011) Functionalized graphene reinforced thermoplastic nanocomposites as strain sensors in structural health monitoring. J Mater Chem 21:12626. https://doi.org/10.1039/C1JM12302E

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Gutierrez-Gonzalez CF, Smirnov A, Centeno A et al (2015) Wear behavior of graphene/alumina composite. Ceram Int 41:7434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.02.061

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang L, Pu J, Wang L, Xue Q (2014) Frictional dependence of graphene and carbon nanotube in diamond-like carbon/ionic liquids hybrid films in vacuum. Carbon 80:734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.09.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Eswaraiah V, Sankaranarayanan V, Ramaprabhu S (2011) Functionalized graphene–PVDF foam composites for EMI shielding. Macromol Mater Eng 296:894. https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201100035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Holmberg K, Andersson P, Erdemir A (2012) Global energy consumption due to friction in passenger cars. Tribol Int 47:221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2011.11.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Chu S, Majumdar A (2012) Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future. Nature 488:294. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11475

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant AV (2014) Graphene: a new emerging lubricant. Mater Today 17:31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2013.12.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang X, Zhi L, Müllen K (2008) Transparent, conductive graphene electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Lett 8:323. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl072838r

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Lee C, Wei X, Kysar JW, Hone J (2008) Measurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene. Science 321:385. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1157996

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Porwal H, Tatarko P, Saggar R et al (2014) Tribological properties of silica–graphene nano-platelet composites. Ceram Int 40:12067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.04.046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Lee C, Li Q, Kalb W et al (2010) Frictional characteristics of atomically thin sheets. Science 328:76. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1184167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Choudhary S, Mungse HP, Khatri OP (2012) Dispersion of alkylated graphene in organic solvents and its potential for lubrication applications. J Mater Chem 22:21032. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm34741e

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhi-Lin Cheng WL, Pei-Rong Wu, Liu Zan (2017) A strategy for preparing modified graphene oxide with good dispersibility and transparency in oil. Ind Eng Chem Res 56:5527–5534. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Cheng Z-L, Li Y-X, Liu Z (2017) Novel adsorption materials based on graphene oxide/Beta zeolite composite materials and their adsorption performance for rhodamine B. J Alloys Compd 708:255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.03.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhang L, He Y, Zhu L, Yang C, Niu Q, An C (2017) In situ alkylated graphene as oil dispersible additive for friction and wear reduction. Ind Eng Chem Res 56:9029. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhang J, Spikes H (2016) On the mechanism of ZDDP antiwear film formation. Tribol Lett 63:24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-016-0706-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Li H, Somers AE, Rutland MW, Howlett PC, Atkin R (2016) Combined nano- and macrotribology studies of titania lubrication using the oil-ionic liquid mixtures. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 4:5005. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Qu J, Barnhill William C, Luo H et al (2015) Synergistic effects between phosphonium-alkylphosphate ionic liquids and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) as lubricant additives. Adv Mater 27:4767. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201502037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. William JBY, Hummers S, Offeman RE (1958) Preparation of graphitic oxide. J Am Chem Soc 80:1339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Mungse OPSHP, Sugimura H, Khatri OP (2014) Hydrothermal deoxygenation of graphene oxide in sub- and supercritical water. RSC Adv 4:22589. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA01085J

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang L, He Y, Feng S et al (2016) Preparation and tribological properties of novel boehmite/graphene oxide nano-hybrid. Ceram Int 42:6178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.12.178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Wang A, Li X, Zhao Y, Wu W, Chen J, Meng H (2014) Preparation and characterizations of Cu2O/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with high photo-catalytic performances. Powder Technol 261:42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.04.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Zhang K, Zhang LL, Zhao XS, Wu J (2010) Graphene/polyaniline nanofiber composites as supercapacitor electrodes. Chem Mater 22:1392. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm902876u

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Park S, An J, Potts JR, Velamakanni A, Murali S, Ruoff RS (2011) Hydrazine-reduction of graphite-and graphene oxide. Carbon 49:3019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.02.071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Wang G, Yang Z, Li X, Li C (2005) Synthesis of poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine)-intercalated graphite oxide composite by delamination/reassembling method. Carbon 43:2564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2005.05.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Lerf A, He H, Forster M, Klinowski J (1998) Structure of graphite oxide revisited. J Phys Chem B 102:4477. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9731821

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Piner RD et al (2007) Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide. Carbon 45:1558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2007.02.034

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51774245) and Sichuan Province Applied Basic Research Project (2018JY0302).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Lei Zhang, Yi He & Lin Zhu

  2. Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Deyang, 618300, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Lei Zhang

  3. Chengdu Evermaterials Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 611730, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Yi He

  4. PetroChina Chengdu Lubricant Company, Chengdu, 610036, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Zhilin Jiao, Weizhou Deng, Caiping Pu, Chunmei Han & Shan Tang

Authors
  1. Lei Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yi He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lin Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhilin Jiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Weizhou Deng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Caiping Pu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Chunmei Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Shan Tang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yi He or Lin Zhu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, L., He, Y., Zhu, L. et al. Alkyl phosphate modified graphene oxide as friction and wear reduction additives in oil. J Mater Sci 54, 4626–4636 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-03216-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-03216-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation