Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Marine diatom settlement on microtextured materials in static field trials

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The influence of surface topography (surface relief) on biofouling and cell settlement has been widely examined in the search for novel marine antifouling materials. Effects of surface topography on biofilms are, however, most commonly reported for laboratory experiments only. Marine diatoms are a particularly problematic group of biofouling organisms, and marine raphid diatom species are commonly used in conjunction with other assays to assess antifouling efficacy in laboratory studies. The effects of topographically structured materials on natural marine diatom fouling communities in field experiments are less commonly reported. Here, we report a number observations on the effects of microstructures created in poly(dimethylsiloxane) on diatom settlement in static field trials. It can be concluded that the effects of microscale surface topography on initial natural diatom settlement under static conditions in field tests depend upon the size, shape, adhesion strategy of the biofouling diatom species. Furthermore, while the topography of the underlying surface may influence the kinetics of cell settlement in laboratory tests, these effects can be masked by the effects of cell/mucilage aggregates and the diversity of settling cells in the natural marine environment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bachmann RT, Edyvean RGJ (2006) Biofouling: an historic and contemporary review of its causes, consequences and control in drinking water distribution systems. Biofilms 2:197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lejars M, Margaillan A, Bressy C (2012) Fouling release coatings: a nontoxic alternative to biocidal antifouling coatings. Chem Rev 112:4347–4390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Rosenhahn A, Sendra GH (2012) Surface sensing and settlement strategies of marine biofouling organisms. Biointerphases 7:1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Wetherbee R, Lind JL, Burke J, Quatrano RS (1998) Minireview—the first kiss: establishment and control of initial adhesion by raphid diatoms. J Phycol 34:9–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Holland R, Dugdale TM, Wetherbee R et al (2004) Adhesion and motility of fouling diatoms on a silicone elastomer. Biofouling 20:323–329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Poulsen N, Kröger N, Harrington MJ et al (2014) Isolation and biochemical characterization of underwater adhesives from diatoms. Biofouling 30:513–523. doi:10.1080/08927014.2014.895895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Patil JS, Anil AC (2005) Quantification of diatoms in biofilms: standardisation of methods. Biofouling 21:181–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Molino PJ, Hodson OM, Quinn JF, Wetherbee R (2008) The quartz crystal microbalance: a new tool for the investigation of the bioadhesion of diatoms to surfaces of differing surface energies. Langmuir 24:6730–6737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Dalu T, Froneman PW, Chari LD, Richoux NB (2014) Colonisation and community structure of benthic diatoms on artificial substrates following a major flood event: a case of the Kowie River (Eastern Cape, South Africa). Water SA 40(3):471–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Wahl M, Kröger K, Lenz M (1998) Non-toxic protection against epibiosis. Biofouling 12:205–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wahl M (2008) Ecological lever and interface ecology: epibiosis modulates the interactions between host and environment. Biofouling 24:427–438

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Scardino AJ, de Nys R (2011) Mini review: biomimetic models and bioinspired surfaces for fouling control. Biofouling 27:73–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Brzozowska AM, Parra-Velandia FJ, Quintana R et al (2014) Biomimicking micropatterned surfaces and their effect on marine biofouling. Langmuir 30:9165–9175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Sullivan T, McGuinness K, O’ Connor NE, Regan F (2014) Characterization and anti-settlement aspects of surface micro-structures from Cancer pagurus. Bioinspir Biomim 9:46003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kerr A, Cowling MJ (2003) The effects of surface topography on the accumulation of biofouling. Philos Mag 83:2779–2795. doi:10.1080/1478643031000148451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Schumacher JF, Carman ML, Estes TG et al (2007) Engineered antifouling microtopographies—effect of feature size, geometry, and roughness on settlement of zoospores of the green alga Ulva. Biofouling 23:55–62. doi:10.1080/08927010601136957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Decker JT, Kirschner CM, Long CJ et al (2013) Engineered antifouling microtopographies: an energetic model that predicts cell attachment. Langmuir 29:13023–13030

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Graham M, Cady N (2014) Nano and microscale topographies for the prevention of bacterial surface fouling. Coatings 4:37–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hoipkemeier-Wilson L, Schumacher JF, Carman ML et al (2004) Antifouling potential of lubricious, micro-engineered, PDMS elastomers against zoospores of the green fouling alga ulva (Enteromorpha). Biofouling 20:53–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Schumacher JF, Long CJ, Callow ME et al (2008) Engineered nanoforce gradients for inhibition of settlement (attachment) of swimming algal spores. Langmuir 24:4931–4937

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Schumacher JF, Aldred N, Callow ME et al (2007) Species-specific engineered antifouling topographies: correlations between the settlement of algal zoospores and barnacle cyprids. Biofouling 23:307–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Chung KK, Schumacher JF, Sampson EM et al (2007) Impact of engineered surface microtopography on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. Biointerphases 2:89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Finlay JA, Callow ME, Ista LK et al (2002) The influence of surface wettability on the adhesion strength of settled spores of the green alga Enteromorpha and the diatom amphora. Integr Comp Biol 42:1116–1122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Vucko MJ, Poole a J, Carl C et al (2014) Using textured PDMS to prevent settlement and enhance release of marine fouling organisms. Biofouling 30:1–16. doi:10.1080/08927014.2013.836507

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Jellali R, Kromkamp JC, Campistron I et al (2013) Antifouling action of polyisoprene-based coatings by inhibition of photosynthesis in microalgae. Environ Sci Technol 47:6573–6581

    Google Scholar 

  26. Rasband, WS, Image J (1997–2016) U. S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/

  27. R Core Team (2013) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. http://www.R-project.org/

  28. Schultz MP (2007) Effects of coating roughness and biofouling on ship resistance and powering. Biofouling 23:331–341. doi:10.1080/08927010701461974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Zargiel KA, Coogan JS, Swain GW (2011) Diatom community structure on commercially available ship hull coatings. Biofouling 27:955–965

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Genzer J, Efimenko K (2006) Recent developments in superhydrophobic surfaces and their relevance to marine fouling: a review. Biofouling 22:339–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Carman ML, Estes TG, Feinberg AW et al (2006) Engineered antifouling microtopographies–correlating wettability with cell attachment. Biofouling 22:11–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. May RM, Magin CM, Mann EE et al (2015) An engineered micropattern to reduce bacterial colonization, platelet adhesion and fibrin sheath formation for improved biocompatibility of central venous catheters. Clin Transl Med 4:810

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Callow ME, Jennings AR, Brennan AB et al (2002) Microtopographic cues for settlement of zoospores of the green fouling Alga Enteromorpha. Biofouling 18:229–236. doi:10.1080/08927010290014908

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Scardino AJ, Harvey E, de Nys R (2006) Testing attachment point theory: diatom attachment on microtextured polyimide biomimics. Biofouling 22:55–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Scardino AJ, Guenther J, de Nys R (2008) Attachment point theory revisited: the fouling response to a microtextured matrix. Biofouling 24:45–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Round FE, Crawford RM, Mann DG (1992) The Diatom; biology & morphology of the genera. Cambridge Univ Press Gt Britain 746

  37. Majewska R, Gambi MC, Totti CM, De Stefano M (2013) Epiphytic diatom communities of Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica: structural analysis and relations to algal host. Antarct Sci 13:1–13. doi:10.1017/S0954102012001101

    Google Scholar 

  38. Majewska R, Gambi MC, Totti CM et al (2012) Growth form analysis of epiphytic diatom communities of Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Polar Biol 36:73–86. doi:10.1007/s00300-012-1240-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Staats N, Stal LJ, Mur LR (2000) Exopolysaccharide production by the epipelic diatom Cylindrotheca closterium: effects of nutrient conditions. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 249:13–27. doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(00)00166-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Belando MD, Marin A, Aboal M (2012) Licmophora species from a Mediterranean hypersaline coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, Murcia, SE Spain). Nov Hedwigia 141:275–288

    Google Scholar 

  41. Daniel GF, Chamberlain AHL, Jones EBG (1987) Cytochemical and electron microscopical observations on the adhesive materials of marine fouling diatoms. Br Phycol J 22:101–118. doi:10.1080/00071618700650131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Chambers LD, Stokes KR, Walsh FC, Wood RJK (2006) Modern approaches to marine antifouling coatings. Surf Coat Technol 201:3642–3652. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.08.129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Alldredge AL, Crocker KM (1995) Why do sinking mucilage aggregates accumulate in the water column? Sci Total Environ 165:15–22. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)04539-D

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Alldredge AL, Silver MW (1988) Characteristics, dynamics and significance of marine snow. Prog Oceanogr 20:41–82. doi:10.1016/0079-6611(88)90053-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support of the Beaufort Marine Research Awards, carried out under the Sea Change Strategy and the Strategy for Science Technology and Innovation (2006–2013), with the support of the Irish Marine Institute, funded under the Marine Research Sub-Programme of the National Development Plan 2007–2013. The authors also acknowledge Science Foundation Ireland and the help of the Tyndall National Institute for production of textured wafers used in this study, funded under a National Access Programme Grant (NAP 181).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland

    T. Sullivan

  2. School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland

    F. Regan

  3. DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland

    F. Regan

Authors
  1. T. Sullivan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. F. Regan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Sullivan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sullivan, T., Regan, F. Marine diatom settlement on microtextured materials in static field trials. J Mater Sci 52, 5846–5856 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0821-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0821-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation