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Comparing the structures and sodium storage properties of centrifugally spun SnO2 microfiber anodes with/without chemical vapor deposition

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Abstract

SnO2 microfibers were prepared using a newly developed centrifugal spinning technology with subsequent thermal treatment. The as-prepared SnO2 microfibers were further treated with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of acetylene using different durations of 30, 60, and 90 min. The surfaces of the CVD-treated SnO2 microfibers are covered with thin carbon layers, and the surface nanoparticles on the SnO2 microfibers were reduced by carbon, producing nano-sized Sn/C whiskers grafted on the backbones. The X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry results demonstrate that longer CVD coating duration promotes the formation of Sn/C whiskers on the SnO2 microfibers. The thin carbon coating layers help stabilize the solid electrolyte interface formation while the grafted Sn/C whiskers facilitate better electrolyte–electrode contact. Hence, the CVD-treated SnO2 microfibers exhibit higher initial capacities than the pristine SnO2 microfibers, as well as enhanced capacity retentions after cycling. The results suggest that centrifugal spinning is a promising approach to produce fibrous electrode materials in a rapid and mass production fashion, and the CVD coating process is an effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of the SnO2-based electrode materials.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by National Science Foundation under Award Number CMMI-1231287.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fiber and Polymer Science Program, Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8301, USA

    Yao Lu, Kun Fu, Jiadeng Zhu, Chen Chen, Meltem Yanilmaz, Mahmut Dirican, Yeqian Ge, Han Jiang & Xiangwu Zhang

  2. Nano-Science and Nano-Engineering Program, Graduate School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey

    Mahmut Dirican

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  1. Yao Lu
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  2. Kun Fu
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  3. Jiadeng Zhu
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  4. Chen Chen
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  8. Han Jiang
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  9. Xiangwu Zhang
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Correspondence to Xiangwu Zhang.

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Lu, Y., Fu, K., Zhu, J. et al. Comparing the structures and sodium storage properties of centrifugally spun SnO2 microfiber anodes with/without chemical vapor deposition. J Mater Sci 51, 4549–4558 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9768-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9768-z

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