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Comparative study of PVA/SiO2 and PVA/SiO2/glutaraldehyde (GA) nanocomposite membranes prepared by single-step solution casting method

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Abstract

We prepared poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/SiO2 and PVA/SiO2/glutaraldehyde (GA) nanocomposite membranes in a single step using the solution casting method. The structure, morphology, and properties of these nanocomposite membranes were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The influence of silica and GA loading on the meso-scale characteristics of the composite membranes was investigated. The results showed that silica deposited in the form of small nanoparticles (~1 nm) in the PVA/SiO2 membranes, while bigger submicron particles (>25 nm) were formed in the PVA/SiO2/GA membranes. The water uptake of the PVA/SiO2 membranes increased with temperature, but the PVA/SiO2/GA membranes were completely dissolved above 50 °C. We can therefore conclude that the addition of GA deteriorated the properties of PVA/SiO2 membranes. The thermal stability of the PVA/SiO2 membranes increased with the increasing silica loading with a maximum char yield of 46 % for PVA/SiO2/4T. Even DMA profiles indicated a promising increase in E R (rubbery modulus) from 6 MPa (PVA membrane) to 1015 MPa (PVA/SiO2/4T) at 250 °C, showing high mechanical strength of these membranes.

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Acknowledgements

The result was developed within the CENTEM project, reg. no. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0088, cofunded by the ERDF as part of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports OP RDI programme and, in the follow-up sustainability stage, supported through CENTEM PLUS (LO1402) by financial means from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports under the National Sustainability Programme I. Financial support from specific university research (MSMT No 21/2015) is acknowledged. The authors would like to thank to Jan Beneš for careful technical assistance with the measurement of Raman spectra.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. New Technologies – Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14, Plzeň, Czech Republic

    Jagan Mohan Dodda, Petr Bělský, Josef Chmelař, Tomáš Remiš, Martin Tomáš, Lucie Kullová & Jaroslav Kadlec

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Klára Smolná

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  1. Jagan Mohan Dodda
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Dodda, J.M., Bělský, P., Chmelař, J. et al. Comparative study of PVA/SiO2 and PVA/SiO2/glutaraldehyde (GA) nanocomposite membranes prepared by single-step solution casting method. J Mater Sci 50, 6477–6490 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9206-7

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