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Processing and properties of bulk ultrafine-grained pure niobium

  • Nanostructured Materials
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Abstract

An ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure in electron beam-melted casts of commercial pure niobium (Nb) was produced in an equal-channel angular pressing die with a right angle, without roundings, at 12 passes, and by the B c route. Additional microstructural improvements were made by hard cyclic viscoplastic deformation and the double-bounded microstructure was formed. The new nanoindentation technique was used to study the pure Nb micro-mechanical properties of the shear bands (SBs). The wear resistance of Nb was studied by a ball-on-plate tribometer with an alumina (Al2O3) counterface ball. The results showed that the nanohardness of pure Nb on boundaries of SBs was ~6 GPa, while inside of SBs, it was only ~3.5 GPa (measured under an indentation load of 10 mN). The corresponding elastic modules were ~150 and ~100 GPa, respectively. Such heterogeneity of the micromechanical properties has an influence on the coefficient of friction (COF) and the wear rate. The Nb with an UFG microstructure has an increased COF and a higher specific wear rate as compared to the as-cast sample. The COF depends on the direction of the wear test relative to the SBs’ orientation. As the boundaries of SBs have the highest hardness, compared to areas inside of SBs, the wear track surface has a high roughness, which leads to an increase in the COF of the double-banded ultrafine-rained pure Nb.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to acknowledge support from the Estonian Foundation Grant No. SF140062s08 and the EU FP7 ERA.Net Rus STProjects-219, NanoPhase.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia

    Lembit Kommel, Eduard Kimmari & Mart Saarna

  2. Materials Research Center, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia

    Mart Viljus

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  1. Lembit Kommel
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  2. Eduard Kimmari
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  3. Mart Saarna
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  4. Mart Viljus
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Correspondence to Lembit Kommel.

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Kommel, L., Kimmari, E., Saarna, M. et al. Processing and properties of bulk ultrafine-grained pure niobium. J Mater Sci 48, 4723–4729 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7210-3

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