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Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi0.5K0.5TiO3–Ba0.77Ca0.23TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

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Abstract

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1 − x)Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5TiO3–xBa0.77Ca0.23TiO3 (BNKT–xBCT, x = 0–0.04) were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction method. The piezoelectric, dielectric, and ferroelectric characteristics of the ceramics are investigated and discussed. The XRD results show that Ba0.77Ca0.23TiO3 (BCT) has diffused into Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5TiO3 (BNKT) lattices to form a new solid solution. It is shown that moderate additive of BCT (x ≤ 0.025) in BNKT–xBCT ceramics can enhance their piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. Three dielectric anomalies are observed in BNKT–xBCT (x ≤ 0.03) ceramics. The piezoelectric measurements and P–E hysteresis loops reveal that BNKT–0.025BCT ceramic has the highest piezoelectric performance and strongest ferroelectricity in all the samples. Piezoelectric constants d 33, k p, and k t of 175 pC/N, 29.1, and 54% are, respectively, achieved. Remnant polarization P r and coercive field E c reach 28.3 μC/cm2 and 24.2 kV/cm, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51002082, 11004113, and 60807036), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Y4090429), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (2009A610103 and 2009610012), The Prior Project in Key Science & Technology Program of Zhejiang Province (2009C11144, 2008C21069), and K. C. Wong Magna Foundation in Ningbo University (xkl09063, XYL10012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Ningbo University, 315211, Ningbo, China

    Feng Ni, Laihui Luo & Xiaoyin Pan

  2. Laboratory of Photo-electronic Materials, Ningbo University, 315211, Ningbo, China

    Yuepin Zhang

  3. Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, 315211, Ningbo, China

    Hongbing Chen

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  1. Feng Ni
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  2. Laihui Luo
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  3. Xiaoyin Pan
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  4. Yuepin Zhang
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  5. Hongbing Chen
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Correspondence to Laihui Luo.

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Ni, F., Luo, L., Pan, X. et al. Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi0.5K0.5TiO3–Ba0.77Ca0.23TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Mater Sci 47, 3354–3360 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-6177-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-6177-1

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