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Synthesis of nanocomposites and amorphous alloys by mechanical alloying

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Abstract

Mechanical alloying (MA) is a powder metallurgy processing technique that involves repeated cold welding, fracturing, and rewelding of powder particles in a high-energy ball mill. Due to the specific advantages offered by this technique, MA was used to synthesize a variety of advanced materials. This article presents two specific examples of synthesis of nanocomposites containing a high volume fraction of the reinforcement phase in Al and TiAl matrices. It was possible to uniformly disperse 50 vol% of nanometric (50 nm) Al2O3 in Al and achieve high strength and modulus of elasticity. Similarly, it was possible to disperse 60 vol% of Ti5Si3 phase in the γ-TiAl intermetallic. Fully consolidated material showed superplastic behavior at 950 °C and a strain rate of 4 × 10−5 s−1. Amorphous phases were produced by MA of blended elemental powder mixtures in several Fe-based compositions. From the systematic investigations carried out, it was possible to deduce the criteria for glass formation and understand the interesting phenomenon of mechanical crystallization. By conducting some controlled experiments, it was also possible to explain the mechanism of amorphization in these mechanically alloyed powder blends. Other examples of synthesis of advanced materials, e.g., photovoltaic materials and energetic materials, have also been briefly referred to. This article concludes with an indication of the topics that need special attention for further exploitation of these materials.

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Acknowledgements

The study reported here is supported by the US National Science Foundation under grants DMR-0314212 and DMR-0334544 and by the Office of Naval Research. The authors also acknowledge fruitful collaboration and useful discussions with Drs. Raj Vaidyanathan, Linan An, and Ruey-Hung Chen of the University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA, Professor Rüdiger Bormann of the Hamburg-Harburg Technical University, Hamburg, Germany, and Dr. S.J. Hong of Kongju National University, Kongju, South Korea. C.S. is also thankful to the experimental input from his graduate students—Pushkar Katiyar, Balaji Prabhu, Satyajeet Sharma, Devender Singh, and UMR Seelam, all from the University of Central Florida.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816-2450, USA

    C. Suryanarayana

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia

    C. Suryanarayana

  3. Institute of Materials Technology, Helmut-Schmidt-University, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043, Hamburg, Germany

    T. Klassen

  4. Tosoh SMD, Inc., 3600 Ganz Road, Grove City, OH, 43213-1895, USA

    E. Ivanov

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  1. C. Suryanarayana
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  2. T. Klassen
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Correspondence to C. Suryanarayana.

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Suryanarayana, C., Klassen, T. & Ivanov, E. Synthesis of nanocomposites and amorphous alloys by mechanical alloying. J Mater Sci 46, 6301–6315 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5287-0

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