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Surface properties and epoxidation catalytic activity of Ti-SBA15 prepared by direct synthesis

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Abstract

The influence of hydrothermal treatment time on the physicochemical properties and the catalytic activity in cyclohexene epoxidation of titanium-substituted SBA15 silicas prepared by direct one-step synthesis was systematically studied using a combination of N2 physisorption at −196 °C, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV–Vis, and elemental analysis. The other synthesis parameters were chosen to illustrate the different chemical environments of the titanium species formed before, during, and after the precipitation of anatase TiO2. At the beginning of hydrothermal treatment, results showed that the titanium species are homogeneously dispersed in the silica framework. When anatase TiO2 clusters precipitate, they do so mainly on the external surface of the mesoporous material. At higher hydrothermal treatment times, the material showed a decreased catalytic activity even if essentially no variation in their specific surface area was then observed. This lower activity was shown to be due to a partial coverage of active tetrahedral Ti species by extraframework higher coordination TiO2 deposit.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank NSERC for financial support. The authors are grateful to Mr. G. Lemay for assistance in the experimental part. We thank Professor M. Leclerc from the Chemistry Department of Laval University for access to UV–Vis spectrometer. We also thank Dr A. Adnot for XPS measurements and valuable discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Department, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada

    François Bérubé & Serge Kaliaguine

  2. Chemistry Department, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Freddy Kleitz

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  1. François Bérubé
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Correspondence to Serge Kaliaguine.

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Bérubé, F., Kleitz, F. & Kaliaguine, S. Surface properties and epoxidation catalytic activity of Ti-SBA15 prepared by direct synthesis. J Mater Sci 44, 6727–6735 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3566-9

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