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Single crystal growth in PMN-PT and PMN-PZT

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Abstract

Single crystal growth of lead-based piezoelectric ceramics Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.68Ti0.32O3 (PMN-32PT) and Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.42(Ti0.638Zr0.362)0.58O3 (PMN-37PT-21PZ) ceramics via templated grain growth (TGG) was investigated. (001)- and (111)-oriented BaTiO3 (BT) single crystals and (001)-oriented SrTiO3 (ST) single crystals (of approximately 2.5 × 2.5 × 1 mm) were utilized as seeds for the growth experiments. The piezoelectric single crystals were produced in a process that involves at first hot pressing of single crystal in cold isostatically pressed ceramics followed by subsequent sintering of the samples. Growth of (001)-oriented single crystals with BT seeds was observed in both PMN-32PT and PMN-37PT-21PZ matrices. The measured growth lengths were up to 140 and 65 μm, respectively. The grown (001)-oriented single crystals grown were rectangular. The measured growth lengths of the pyramidal-shaped (111) BT single crystals were up to 1 mm, which is much larger than the growth lengths of the (001) single crystals. Experiments on (001) ST-seeded single crystals were not successful. No single crystal growth was observed due to the dissolution of the ST single crystals in the PMN-PZT matrix. The differences were explained by defect-chemical considerations.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under BMBF grant number 03X4001A.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Powertrain, Continental AG, 93055, Regensburg, Germany

    Thomas Richter

  2. Ceramics Department, Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, Munich, Germany

    Carsten Schuh

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey

    Ender Suvaci

  4. Functional Materials Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany

    Ralf Moos

Authors
  1. Thomas Richter
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  2. Carsten Schuh
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  3. Ender Suvaci
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  4. Ralf Moos
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Correspondence to Thomas Richter.

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Richter, T., Schuh, C., Suvaci, E. et al. Single crystal growth in PMN-PT and PMN-PZT. J Mater Sci 44, 1757–1763 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3286-1

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