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Fabrication of nanocomposite membranes from nanofibers and nanoparticles for protection against chemical warfare stimulants

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Nanoparticles of MgO were synthesized by Aero gel method. These MgO nanoparticles were then mixed with various polymer solutions (poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF copolymer), polysulfone (PSU)) and then subjected to electrospinning to produce nanocomposite membranes. The hydrolysis of paraoxon, a never agent stimulant, in presence of these membranes was studied using UV. The order of the reactivity of the membranes are found to be PVC-MgO < PVDF < PSU < PVDF-MgO < PSU-MgO. After selecting PSU as the supportive candidate, relative rates of hydrolysis were compared for nanoparticles or charcoal with nanocomposite membranes. The order is as follows; Charcoal (1) < PSU-Al2O3 (1.5) < PSU-MgO (2.1) < Al2O3 nanoparticles (2.8) < MgO nanoparticles (5.4). The amount of hydrolysis of PSU-MgO composite membrane was 60% less when compared to MgO nanoparticles as such usage. The loading percentage of MgO into nanofiber is 35 %. The fabricated composite membrane (containing 5% MgO) was tested for chemical warfare agent stimulant, paraoxon, and found to be about 2 times more reactive than currently used charcoal.

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Acknowledgments

The support of the Defense Science and Technology Agency (DSTA), Singapore under the project Electrospun Polymer Nanofibre Filters (Grant No. R-398-000-027-422) is acknowledged with gratitude.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, National University of Singapore, 2 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117576, Singapore

    S. Sundarrajan & S. Ramakrishna

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore

    S. Ramakrishna

  3. Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 119260, Singapore

    S. Ramakrishna

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  1. S. Sundarrajan
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  2. S. Ramakrishna
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Correspondence to S. Sundarrajan.

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Sundarrajan, S., Ramakrishna, S. Fabrication of nanocomposite membranes from nanofibers and nanoparticles for protection against chemical warfare stimulants. J Mater Sci 42, 8400–8407 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1786-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1786-4

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