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Characterization of Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 prepared by low temperature chloride aqueous synthesis

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Abstract

Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 powder was processed at 80°C by reacting Ti sol in aqueous solutions that contained BaCl2, SrCl2 and NaOH at atmospheric pressure. Well-crystallized, spherical, nanosizes powders were formed by this method. The powders were found to have a cubic structure, which was retained even after heating at 900°C. Sintering at 1400°C, led to the formation of a tetragonal structure with a secondary phase of Ba6Ti17O40. Abrupt grain growth was observed at 1400°C. The electrical response of the sample sintered at 1400°C has three electrically different regions. Each region of the sample is represented by different RC element. Element 1 (R 1 C 1) is the most resistive and its capacitance ishigh (0.5 nFcm−1) indicating a thin region, probably the grain boundary. Element 2 (R 2 C 2) shows a smaller resistance value compared to element 1. The capacitance value of element 2 is temperature-dependent and displays a Curie–Weiss behaviour, indicative of a ferroelectric material above T c. The lower capacitance of C 2 (15 pFcm−1) indicates that it is a much thicker region than element 1 and can be assigned as a ferroelectric bulk region. Element 3 is probably an electrode effect.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials & Mineral Resource Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Seberang Perai Selatan, Malaysia

    Srimala Sreekantan, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Noor, Zainal Arifin Ahmad & Radzali Othman

  2. Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Sir Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK

    Anthony West & Derek Sinclair

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  1. Srimala Sreekantan
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  2. Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Noor
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  3. Zainal Arifin Ahmad
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  4. Radzali Othman
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  5. Anthony West
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  6. Derek Sinclair
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Correspondence to Srimala Sreekantan.

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Sreekantan, S., Noor, A.F.M., Ahmad, Z.A. et al. Characterization of Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 prepared by low temperature chloride aqueous synthesis. J Mater Sci 42, 2492–2498 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0797-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0797-x

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