Abstract
Background and aims of study
Septal flash (SF) describes early inward motion of the ventricular septum in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), and correction corresponds to increased response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). SF has traditionally been assessed by echocardiography. We sought to determine if cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could identify SF and if the additional assessment of scar would improve the ability of CMR to predict CRT response.
Methods
Fifty-two patients with LBBB and heart failure underwent prospective CMR scanning prior to CRT implantation. The presence of SF was assessed visually and by using endocardial contour-tracking software. Presence and extent of myocardial scar was assessed by delayed enhancement imaging during CMR. The association between SF, scar and reverse remodelling (RR) at 6 months was explored.
Results
RR rate to CRT at 6 months was 52 %. CMR-derived SF was identified in 24 (46 %) patients. RR was seen in more patients with SF than those without (88 % vs 21 %; P < 0.001). The absence of scar combined with the presence of SF had 96 % specificity for predicting RR. In a multivariate regression model, the presence of SF was the only independent predictor of RR.
Conclusion
SF can be assessed by CMR and predicts increased response to CRT. The additional value of CMR is the assessment of scar. The presence of SF with no scar is a highly specific predictor of CRT response.
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Abbreviations
- SF:
-
Septal flash
- CRT:
-
Cardiac resynchronization therapy
- LBBB:
-
Left bundle branch block
- ECG:
-
Electrocardiograph
- CMR:
-
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
- NICM:
-
Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy
- ICM:
-
Ischaemic cardiomyopathy
- NYHA:
-
New York Heart Association
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Competing interests
Dr Sohal receives an educational grant from St Jude Medical; Dr Chen receives an educational grant from Medtronic; Dr Rinaldi receives funding from St Jude Medical and Medtronic; Prof Razavi receives an investigator led grant from Philips Healthcare.
Grant support
Supported in part by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London
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Sohal, M., Amraoui, S., Chen, Z. et al. Combined identification of septal flash and absence of myocardial scar by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging improves prediction of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 40, 179–190 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-014-9907-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-014-9907-x