Abstract
Harmonic cancellation strategies have been recently presented as a promising solution for the efficient on-chip implementation of accurate sinusoidal signal generators. Classical harmonic cancellation techniques consist in combining a set of time-shifted and scaled versions of a periodical signal in such a way that some of the harmonic components of the resulting signal are cancelled. This signal manipulation strategy can be easily implemented using digital resources to provide a set of phase-shifted digital square-wave signals and a summing network for scaling and combining the phase-shifted square-waves. A critical aspect in the practical implementation of the harmonic cancellation technique is the stringent accuracy required for the scaling weight ratios between the different phase-shifted signals. Small variations between these weights due to mismatch and process variations will reduce the effectiveness of the technique and increase the magnitude of undesired harmonic components. In this work, different harmonic cancellation strategies are presented and analyzed with the goal of simplifying the practical on-chip implementation of the scaling weights. Statistical behavioral simulations are provided in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aluthwala PD, Weste N, Adams A, Lehmann T, Parameswaran S (2017) Partial dynamic element matching technique for digital-to-analog converters used for digital harmonic-cancelling sine-wave synthesis. Trans Circ Syst I: Regular Papers 64(2):296–309. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2016.2613938
Bahmani F, Sanchez-Sinencio E (2007) Low THD bandpass-based oscillator using multilevel hard limiter. Circ Dev Syst IET 1(2):151–160. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds:20060072
Barragán MJ, Vázquez D, Rueda A (2011) Analog sinewave signal generators for mixed-signal built-in test applications. J Electron Test 27(3):305–320
Barragan MJ, Leger G, Vazquez D, Rueda A (2015) On-chip sinusoidal signal generation with harmonic cancellation for analog and mixed-signal BIST applications. Analog Integr Circ Sig Process 82(1):67–79
David-Grignot S, Lamlih A, Kerzerho V, Azaïs F, Soulier F, Bernard S, Rouyer T, Bonhommeau S (2017) Analytical study of on-chip generations of analog sine-wave based on combined digital signals. In: IEEE International mixed signal testing workshop 2017 (IMSTW), pp 1–5
Davies AC (1969) Digital generation of low-frequency sine waves. IEEE Trans Instrum Measur 18(2):97–105
Dominguez MA, Ausin JL, Duque-Carillo JF, Torelli G (2006) A high-quality sine-wave oscillator for analog built-in self-testing. In: 2006 IEEE international symposium on circuits and systems, pp 4 pp–3457. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2006.1693369
Domínguez MA, Ausín JL, Duque-Carrillo JF, Torelli G (2006) A 1-MHz area-efficient on-chip spectrum analyzer for analog testing. J Electron Test 22(4-6):437–448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-006-9503-9
Dufort B, Roberts GW (1999) On-chip analog signal generation for mixed-signal built-in self-test. IEEE J Solid-State Circ 34(3):318–330
Elsayed MM, Sánchez-Sinencio E (2010) A low THD, low power, high output-swing time-mode-based tunable oscillator via digital harmonic-cancellation technique. J Solid-State Circ 45(5):1061–1071
Lampasi DA, Moschitta A, Carbone P (2008) Accurate digital synthesis of sinewaves. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 57(3):522–529
Lu AK, Roberts GW, Johns DA (1994) A high-quality analog oscillator using oversampling d/a conversion techniques. IEEE Trans Circ Syst II: Analog Digit Signal Process 41(7):437–444. https://doi.org/10.1109/82.298375
Malloug H, Barragan MJ, Mir S, Simeu E, Le-Gall H (2016) Mostly-digital design of sinusoidal signal generators for mixed-signal BIST applications using harmonic cancellation. In: International mixed-signal testing workshop (IMSTW)
Malloug H, Barragan MJ, Mir S, Bastères L, Le Gall H (2017) Design of a sinusoidal signal generator with calibrated harmonic cancellation for mixed-signal BIST in a 28 nm FDSOI technology. In: 2017 22nd IEEE on test symposium (ETS). IEEE, pp 1–6
Malloug H, Barragan MJ, Mir S, Le Gall H (2017) Harmonic cancelation strategies for on-chip sinusoidal signal generation using digital resources. In: IEEE international mixed signal testing workshop 2017 (IMSTW), pp 1–6
Prenat G, Mir S, Vázquez D, Rolíndez L (2005) A low-cost digital frequency testing approach for mixed-signal devices using ΣΔ modulation. Microelectron J 36(12):1080–1090
Shi C, Sanchez-Sinencio E (2015) 150–850 MHz high-linearity sine-wave synthesizer architecture based on FIR filter approach and SFDR optimization. Trans Circ Syst I: Regular Papers 62(9):2227–2237
Vasan BK, Sudani SK, Chen DJ, Geiger RL (2012) Sinusoidal signal generation for production testing and BIST applications. In: 2012 IEEE international symposium on circuits and systems (ISCAS). IEEE, pp 2601–2604
Vasan BK, Sudani SK, Chen DJ, Geiger RL (2013) Low-distortion sine wave generation using a novel harmonic cancellation technique. Trans Circ Syst I: Regular Papers 60(5):1122–1134
Acknowledgments
Authors would like to thank Hervé Le Gall (STMicroelectronics) for his invaluable help and support. This work has been carried out in the frame of a Nano2017 project funded by the Regional and Local authorities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible Editor: K. Huang
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Malloug, H., Barragan, M.J. & Mir, S. Practical Harmonic Cancellation Techniques for the On-Chip Implementation of Sinusoidal Signal Generators for Mixed-Signal BIST Applications. J Electron Test 34, 263–279 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-018-5720-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-018-5720-2