Abstract
College students are at especially high risk for serious financial problems due to easy availability of credit cards, rising tuition, and a declining economy. Arnett (Am Psychol 55:469–480, 2000) proposed 18–25 year olds may be considered emerging adults and are characterized by less stable financial situations than those who perceive themselves to be adults. A survey was given to 450 students at two Mississippi universities. The results showed student financial behaviors were related to age, gender, public assistance, adult status, sensation-seeking, and potential for problem gambling. This study is unique in that it investigated the relationship of emerging adult/adult status and other individual and socio-demographic variables to financial behaviors among college students, a conceptualization that has not been explored in the past.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams, T., & Moore, M. (2007). High-risk health and credit behavior among 18- to 25-year-old college students. Journal of American College Health, 56, 101–108.
American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.) (DSM-III). Washington, DC: APA.
Arnett, J. J. (1997). Young people’s conceptions of the transition to adulthood. Youth & Society, 29, 1–23.
Arnett, J. J. (1998). Learning to stand alone: The contemporary American transition to adulthood in cultural and historical context. Human Development, 41, 295–315.
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55, 469–480.
Arnett, J. J. (2001). Conceptions of the transition to adulthood: Perspectives from adolescence to midlife. Journal of Adult Development, 8, 133–143.
Arnett, J. J. (2002). A congregation of one: Individualized religious beliefs among emerging adults. Journal of Adolescent Research, 17, 451–467.
Arnett, J. J. (2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from late teens through the twenties. New York: Oxford Press.
Bergin, S. C., De Marco, A. C., Shaw, T. V., Unick, G. J., & Hogan, S. R. (2006). The effect of parental work history and public assistance use in the transition to adulthood. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 33, 141–162.
Besharov, D. J. (1999). America’s disconnected youth. Washington, DC: Child Welfare League of America.
Blinn-Pike, L., Worthy, S. L., Jonkman, J. N., & Smith, G. R. (2008). Emerging adult versus adult status among college students: Examination of explanatory variables. Adolescence, 43, 577–591.
Borden, L. M., Lee, S. A., Serido, J., & Collins, D. (2008). Changing college student’s financial knowledge, attitudes, and behavior through seminar participation. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29, 23–40.
Bradley, G., & Wildman, K. (2002). Psychosocial predictors of emerging adults’ risk and reckless behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 31, 253–265.
Burgess, S., Propper, C., & Gardiner, K. (2006). School, family and county affects on adolescents’ later life choices. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 27, 155–183.
Cao, H. (2008). Credit constraints and human capital investment in college education. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29, 41–54.
Carrol, E. N., & Zuckerman, M. (1977). Psychopathology and sensation-seeking in “downers”, “speeders”, and “trippers”: A study of the relationship between personality and drug choice. International Journal of Addictions, 12, 591–601.
Cha, K. W., Weagley, R. O., & Reynolds, L. (2005). Parental borrowing for dependent children’s higher education. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 26, 299–321.
Côté, J. E. (2002). The role of identity capital in the transition to adulthood: The individualization thesis examined. Journal of Youth Studies, 5, 117–134.
Danes, S. M., & Hira, T. (1987). Money management knowledge of college students. Journal of Student Financial Aid, 17, 4–16.
Delfabbro, P. (2003). Gender differences in Australian gambling: A critical summary of sociological and psychological research. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 35, 145–158.
Duncan, G. J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2000). Family poverty, welfare reform, and child development. Child Development, 65, 296–318.
Eldar-Avidan, D., Haj-Yahia, M. M., & Greenbaum, C. W. (2008). Money matters: Young adults’ perception of the economic consequences of their parents’ divorce. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29, 74–85.
Elwood, D. T., & Kane, T. J. (2000). Who is getting into college? Family background, and the growing gaps in enrollment. In S. Danzinger & W. J. Danzinger (Eds.), Securing the future: Investing in children from birth to college (pp. 283–324). New York: Russell Sage.
Grable, J. E., & Joo, S. H. (2006). Student racial differences in credit card debt and financial behaviors and stress. College Student Journal, 40, 400–408.
Hayhoe, C. R., Leach, L. J., Turner, P. R., Bruin, M. J., & Lawrence, F. C. (2000). Differences in spending habits and credit use of college students. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 34, 113–133.
Henry, R. A., Weber, J. G., & Yarbrough, D. (2001). Money management practices of college students. College Student Journal, 35(2), 244–249.
Joo, S. H., Grable, J. E., & Bagwell, D. C. (2003). Credit card attitudes and behaviors of college students. College Student Journal, 37, 405–420.
Lesieur, H. R., & Blume, S. B. (1987). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1184–1188.
Luna De La Rosa, M. (2006). Is opportunity knocking? Low-income students’ perceptions of college and financial aid. The American Behavioral Scientist, 49, 1670–1682.
Lyons, A. C. (2004). A profile of financially at-risk college students. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 38, 56–80.
Lyons, A. C. (2008). Risky credit card behavior of college students. In J. J. Xiao (Ed.), Handbook of consumer finance research (pp. 208–285). New York: Springer.
Markovich, C. A., & DeVaney, S. A. (1997). College senior’s personal finance knowledge and practices. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 89, 61–65.
Miller, B. G. (2001). Early family experiences and the financial behavior of college students: The impact of gender and gambling. Doctoral Dissertation, Iowa State University.
Nelson, L. J., & Barry, C. M. (2005). Distinguishing features of emerging adulthood: The role of self-classification as an adult. Journal of Adolescent Research, 20, 242–262.
Nelson, M. C., Lust, K., Story, M., & Ehlinger, E. (2008). Credit card debt, stress and key health risk behaviors among college students. American Journal of Health Promotion, 22, 400–412.
Newcomb, M. D., & McGee, L. (1991). Influence of sensation seeking on general deviance and specific problem behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 614–628.
Norvilitis, J. M., Osberg, T. M., Young, P., Merwin, M. M., Roehling, P. V., & Kamas, M. M. (2006). Personality factors, money attitudes, financial knowledge, and credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36, 1395–1413.
Osgood, W., Ruth, G., Eccles, J. S., Jacobs, J. E., & Barber, B. L. (2005). Six paths to adulthood. In R. A. Setterstein, F. F. Furstenberg, & R. G. Rumbaut (Eds.), On the frontier of adulthood (pp. 320–355). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Perna, L. W. (2006). Understanding the relationship between information about college prices and financial aid. The American Behavioral Scientist, 49, 1620–1635.
Sallie Mae, Inc. (2009). Sallie Mae champions for higher education. How undergraduate students use credit cards: Sallie Mae’s national study of usage rates and trends 2009. Retrieved June 4, 2009, from http://www.salliemae.com/NR/rdonlyres/0BD600F1-9377-46EA-AB1F-6061FC763246/10744/SLMCreditCardUsageStudy41309FINAL2.pdf.
Sandefur, G. D., Eggerling-Boeck, J., & Park, H. (2005). Off to a good start? Postsecondary education and early adult life. In R. A. Setterstein, F. F. Furstenberg, & R. G. Rumbaut (Eds.), On the frontier of adulthood (pp. 292–319). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Schoeni, R. F., & Ross, K. E. (2005). Material assistance from families during the transition to adulthood. In R. A. Setterstein, F. F. Furstenberg, & R. G. Rumbaut (Eds.), On the frontier of adulthood (pp. 396–416). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Shaffer, H. J., Hall, M. N., & Bilt, J. V. (1999). Estimating the prevalence of disordered gambling behavior in the United States and Canada: A research synthesis. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 1369–1376.
Todesco, P. (2005). Developmental differences in sensation-seeking, risk-taking and perceptual appraisals. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Wayne State University.
U.S. Public Interest Research Group Education Fund. (2008). The campus credit card trap: A survey of college students and credit card marketing. Retrieved April 23, 2008, from http://www.truthaboutcredit.org/campus-credit-card-trap.
Volpe, R. P., Chen, H., & Pavlicko, J. J. (1996). Personal investment literacy among college students: A survey. Financial Practice and Education, 6, 86–94.
Wang, J., & Xiao, J. J. (2009). Buying behavior, social support and credit card indebtedness of college students. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 33, 2–10.
Worthy, S. L., Blinn-Pike, L. B., & Jonkman, J. (2008). Having mom and dad pay for college: Financial advantage or disadvantage? Consumer Interests Annual, 54, 185–188. http://www.consumerinterests.org/files/public/66.WorthyBlinnJonkman.pdf.
Xiao, J. J., Shim, S., Barber, B., & Lyons, A. (2007). Academic success and well-being of college students: Financial behaviors matter. http://cals.arizona.edu/fcs/tcai/research/pilotreport.pdf.
Xiao, J. J., Tang, C., & Shim, S. (2009). Acting for happiness: Financial behavior and life satisfaction of college students. Social Indicators Research, 92, 53–58.
Yilmazer, T. (2008). Saving for children’s college education: An empirical analysis of the trade-off between the quality and quantity of children. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29, 307–324.
Zuckerman, M. (1979). Sensation-seeking: Beyond the optimal level of arousal. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation-seeking. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Zuckerman, M., & Kuhlman, D. M. (2000). Personality and risk-taking: Common biosocial factors. Journal of Personality, 68, 999–1029.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Worthy, S.L., Jonkman, J. & Blinn-Pike, L. Sensation-Seeking, Risk-Taking, and Problematic Financial Behaviors of College Students. J Fam Econ Iss 31, 161–170 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-010-9183-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-010-9183-6