Abstract
Every marriage before the age of 18, regardless of gender, is considered a human rights violation, a public health problem, and a social risk. The present qualitative study aims to understand and reveal the child marriage experiences of both women and men with respect to gender. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten male and ten female participants, aged between 29 and 64, who had child marriages and lived in different regions of Turkey. As a result of the thematic analysis, four main themes were derived: “unlived childhood”, “reflections on marriage”, “reflections on the relationship with the child” and “health problems”. The theme “unlived childhood” includes sub-themes that examine the childhood experiences of the participants; “reflections on marriage” spousal relations and marital life; “reflections on relationship with children” participants’ upbringing and relationship with their children; and “health questions” reproductive health and mental health. As a result, it was seen that the participants experienced gender-specific differences along with an unlived childhood and a suspended adulthood. While particular responsibilities and health problems stood out for female participants, male participants carried the responsibilities of being a father and the pillar of the household during their childhood.
Highlights
-
The study investigates both male and female participants’ experiences of child marriage.
-
The participants who married during childhood experienced an unlived childhood and a suspended adulthood.
-
Child marriage was revealed to have significant effects on the adulthood of the participants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Addis, M. E., & Mahalik, J. R. (2003). Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. The American Psychologist, 58(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.58.1.5.
Adedini, S. A., Mobolaji, J. W., Adetutu, O. M., Abe, J. O., & Oyinlola, F. F. (2022). Influence of child marriage on institutional delivery and high-risk births among young women in 31 sub-Saharan African countries. Women & Health, 62(1), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2021.2020201.
Akçay, S. (2018). Aslında güçlü değilmişim: erkeklerin ruhsal hastalık deneyimleri. Nika.
Amoah, H. A., Tenkorang, E. Y., & Dold, P. (2021). Experiences of intimate partner violence against women who married as child brides in Ghana. Journal of Family Violence, 36, 455–466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-020-00168-y.
Asadullah, M. N., Islam, K. M. M., & Wahhaj, Z. (2021). Child marriage, climate vulnerability and natural disasters in coastal Bangladesh. Journal of Biosocial Science, 53(6), 948–967. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932020000644.
Asghari, S. (2019). Early marriage in Iran: a pragmatic approach. Journal of Human Rights Practice, 11(3), 569–588. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huz035.
Aslan-Cevheroğlu, B., & Kışlak, Ş. (2022). Erken evlilik yapan kadınların evli kadın rolünü deneyimleme sürecine ilişkin nitel bir araştırma. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(1), 207–233. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.910951.
Astuti, A. W., Hirst, J., & Bharj, K. K. (2021). Adolescent fathers’ experiences in Indonesia: a qualitative study. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 26(1), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2021.1901749.
Baysak, E., Yorguner, N., Kandemir, G., Denizman, I. A., & Akvardar, Y. (2020). Is early marriage practice a problem for women living in Istanbul? A qualitative study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 24, 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-020-01067-3.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
Burcu, E., Yıldırım, F., Sırma, Ç., & Sanıyaman, S. (2015). Çiçeklerin kaderi: Türkiye’de kadınların erken evliliği üzerine nitel bir araştırma. Bilig, 73, 63–98.
Çağırkan, B. (2019). Child brides and its importance in terms of social roles in Turkish society: The case of Bitlis. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 52–61.
Çakır, H. (2013). Sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik faktörler çerçevesinde erken evlilikler: Ankara Pursaklar örneği [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Gazi Üniversitesi.
Cameron, L., Contreras Suarez, D., & Wieczkiewicz, S. (2023). Child marriage: Using the Indonesian family life survey to examine the lives of women and men who married at an early age. Review of Economics of the Household, 21(3), 725–756. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-022-09616-8.
Çay-Padalıhasanoğlu, E., & Yaman, Ö. (2022). Evlilik yapan kadınların evlilik sonrası yaşam deneyimleri üzerine bir değerlendirme. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 41, 313–340. https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.990432.
Chauhan, S., Sekher, T. V., Kumar, P., Srivastava, S., & Patel, R. (2020). Prevalence, determinants and socio-economic inequality of early marriage among men in India. Children and Youth Services Review, 116, 105273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105273.
Chinyere Anozie, M., Ele, M., & Ijeamaka Anika, E. (2018). The legal, medical and social implications of child marriage in Nigeria. International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family, 32(2), 119–139. https://doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/eby002.
Çınar, N., & Hıra, S. (2017). Adölesan Annelik. Journal of Human Rhythm, 3(1), 15–19.
Courtenay, W. H. (2000). Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men’s well-being: a theory of gender and health. Social Science & Medicine, 50(10), 1385–1401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00390-1.
de Groot, R., Kuunyem, M. Y., Palermo, T., Osei-Akoto, I., Adamba, C., Darko, J. K., Osei, R. D., Dompae, F., Yaw, N., Barrington, C., Abdoulayi, S., Angeles, G., Chakrabarti, A., Otchere, F., Akaligaung, A. J., Aborigo, R., Kidman, R., & Caparello, A. (2018). Child marriage and associated outcomes in northern Ghana: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5166-6.
de Silva-de-Alwis, R. (2008). Child marriage and the law: legislative reform initiative paper series. https://www.un.org/ruleoflaw/blog/document/child-marriage-and-the-law-legislative-reform-initiative-paper-series/
DeVito, J. (2010). How adolescent mothers feel about becoming a parent. The Journal of Perinatal Education, 19(2), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1624/105812410X495523.
Dursun, Ç. (2021). Medya çalışanlarına yönelik çocuk yaşta, erken ve zorla evliliklerin önlenmesi rehberi. UNFPA. https://turkiye.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/cyeze_medyarehber.pdf
el Arab, R., & Sagbakken, M. (2019). Child marriage of female Syrian refugees in Jordan and Lebanon: a literature review. Global Health Action, 12(1), 1585709. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1585709.
Fakhari, A., Farahbakhsh, M., Azizi, H., Davtalab Esmaeili, E., Mirzapour, M., Asl Rahimi, V., Hashemi, L., & Gaffarifam, S. (2020). Early marriage and negative life events affect on depression in young adults and adolescents. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 23(2), 90–98.
Gastón, C. M., Misunas, C., & Cappa, C. (2019). Child marriage among boys: a global overview of available data. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 14(3), 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2019.1566584.
Gbogbo, S. (2020). Early motherhood: voices from female adolescents in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana-a qualitative study utilizing Schlossberg’s Transition Theory. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 15. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2020.1716620
Gezer-Tuğrul, Y. (2018). Erken yaşta evlendirilen kadınların evlilik süreçleri, deneyimleri ve sonraki yaşamları üzerine nitel bir çalışma. Sosyoloji Notları 2, 2(1), 2–38.
Godha, D., Hotchkiss, D. R., & Gage, A. J. (2013). Association between child marriage and reproductive health outcomes and service utilization: A multi-country study from South Asia. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(5), 552–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.01.021.
Greene, M. E., Perlson, S., Taylor, A., & Lauro, G. (2015). Engaging men and boys to address the practice of child marriage. https://www.equimundo.org/resources/engaging-men-and-boys-to-end-the-practice-of-child-marriage/
Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. (2019). 2018 Turkey demographic and health survey. https://fs.hacettepe.edu.tr/hips/dosyalar/Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%20-%20raporlar/2018%20TNSA/TDHS2018_mainReport_compressed.pdf
Hagaman, A., Lopez, D., Id, M., Poudyal, A., Rte Bemme, D., Boone, C., van Heerden, A., Byanjankar, P., Maharjan, S. M., Thapa, A., & Kohrt, B. A. (2022). “Now, I have my baby so I don’t go anywhere”: A mixed method approach to the ‘everyday’ and young motherhood integrating qualitative interviews and passive digital data from mobile devices. PLoS ONE, 17(7), e0269443 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269443.
Hidayana, I. M., Noor, I. R., Benedicta, G. D., Prahara, H., Zahro, F. A., Kartikawati, R., Hana, F., & Pebriansyah Kok, M. C. (2016). Factors influencing child marriage, teenage pregnancy and female genital mutilation/circumcision in Lombok Barat and Sukabumi Districts, Indonesia. In Indonesia. Res. Yes I Do Programme. https://www.kit.nl/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Baseline-report-Indonesia-Yes-I-Do.pdf
Huang, C. Y., Costeines, J., Kaufman, J. S., & Ayala, C. (2014). Parenting stress, social support, and depression for ethnic minority adolescent mothers: Impact on child development. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23(2), 255–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-013-9807-1.
Irani, M., & Roudsari, R. L. (2019). Reproductive and sexual health consequences of child marriage: A review of literature. Journal of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, 7(1), 1584–1590. https://doi.org/10.22038/jmrh.2018.31627.1342.
Kahraman, A. B., & Şenateş, T. (2018). Çocuk gelinler (Siverek örneği). The Journal of Social Sciences, 29(29), 380–392. https://doi.org/10.16990/SOBIDER.4410.
Kaya, H., Alnak, A., Subaşı, B. Z., Arslan, N. B., & Şahin, D. (2022). The consequences of early marriage: Long term effects on women’s mental and sexual health. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 25(1), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2022.00187.
Kohan, S., Allahverdizadeh, S., Farajzadegan, Z., Ghojazadeh, M., & Boroumandfar, Z. (2021). Transition into the sexual and reproductive role: A qualitative exploration of Iranian married adolescent girls’ needs and experiences. Reproductive Health, 18(1), 157 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01208-6.
Kuzucu, G. (2020). Kocaeli romanlarında erken evliliğin araştırılması [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Üsküdar Üniversitesi.
Le Strat, Y., Dubertret, C., & Le Foll, B. (2011). Child marriage in the United States and its association with mental health in women. Pediatrics, 128(3), 524–530. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0961.
Letourneau, N. L., Stewart, M. J., & Barnfather, A. K. (2004). Adolescent mothers: Support needs, resources, and support-education interventions. Journal of Adolescent Health, 35(6), 509–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.01.007.
Malhotra, A., & Elnakib, S. (2021). Evolution in the evidence base on child marriage, 2000-2019. https://www.unicef.org/documents/evolution-evidence-base-child-marriage-2000-2019
Mangeli, M., Rayyani, M., Cheraghi, M. A., & Tirgari, B. (2017). Exploring the challenges of adolescent mothers from their life experiences in the transition to motherhood: A qualitative study. Journal of Family and Reproductive Health, 11(3), 165–173.
Markoç, İ. (2020). Kadının sosyal medya kullanımı ve sosyal yaşama katılımında konutun rolü: Bağcılar, İstanbul. Eksen Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 26–41.
Misunas, C., Gastón, C. M., & Cappa, C. (2019). Child marriage among boys in high-prevalence countries: An analysis of sexual and reproductive health outcomes. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 19(25). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12914-019-0212-8
Mrayan, L., & Obeisat, S. (2021). The lived experience of early marriage in Jordan: The perspective of adolescent girls and young women. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211048895
Mukherjee, A., & Sekher, T. V. (2017). ‘Do only girls suffer? we too!’: Early marriage repercussions on boys in rural India. Economic & Political Weekly, 52(1), 75–82.
Myers, J., & Harvey, R. (2011). Breaking vows: Early and forced marriage and girls’ education. https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/document/breaking-vows-early-and-forced-marriage-and-girls-education/
Naved, R. T., Kalra, S., Talukder, A., Laterra, A., Nunna, T. T., Parvin, K., & al Mamun, M. (2022). An exploration of social norms that restrict girls’ sexuality and facilitate child marriage in Bangladesh to inform policies and programs. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(3), S17–S21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.12.002.
Ngum Chi Watts, M. C., Liamputtong, P., & Mcmichael, C. (2015). Early motherhood: A qualitative study exploring the experiences of African Australian teenage mothers in greater Melbourne, Australia. BMC Public Health, 15, 873 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2215-2.
O’Brien, R., Hunt, K., & Hart, G. (2005). ‘It’s caveman stuff, but that is to a certain extent how guys still operate’: Men’s accounts of masculinity and help seeking. Social Science & Medicine, 61(3), 503–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.12.008.
OHCHR. (2023). Adverse impact of forced marriage on the full and effective enjoyment of all human rights by all women and girls. https://undocs.org/A/HRC/52/50
Parsons, J., Edmeades, J., Kes, A., Petroni, S., Sexton, M., & Wodon, Q. (2015). Economic impacts of child marriage: A review of the literature. The Review of Faith & International Affairs, 13(3), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2015.1075757.
Presidency of Strategy and Budget. (2019). Sürdürülebilir kalkınma amaçları değerlendirme raporu. https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Surdurulebilir-Kalkinma-Amaclari-Degerlendirme-Raporu_13_12_2019-WEB.pdf
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Robinson, O. C. (2014). Sampling in interview-based qualitative research: A theoretical and practical guide. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 11(1), 25–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2013.801543.
Roupetz, S., Garbern, S., Michael, S., Bergquist, H., Glaesmer, H., & Bartels, S. A. (2020). Continuum of sexual and gender-based violence risks among Syrian refugee women and girls in Lebanon. BMC Women’s Health, 20, 176 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01009-2.
Roy, S., & Tam, E. H. F. (2022). Impact of British colonial gender reform on early female marriages and gender gap in education: Evidence from child marriage abolition act, 1929. https://eddytam.com/papers/British_colonial_gender_laws_and_gender_differential_human_capital_investment_in_India.pdf
Ruck, M. D., & Horn, S. S. (2008). Charting the landscape of children’s rights. Journal of Social Issues, 64(4), 685–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2008.00584.x.
Sabbe, A., Oulami, H., Zekraoui, W., Hikmat, H., Temmerman, M., & Leye, E. (2013). Determinants of child and forced marriage in Morocco: Stakeholder perspectives on health, policies and human rights. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 13, 43 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-698X-13-43.
Şahin, Ş., & Özçelik, Ç. (2016). Ergenli̇k dönemi̇ ve sosyalleşme. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, 5(1), 42–49.
Salusky, I. (2013). The meaning of motherhood: Adolescent childbearing and its significance for poor Dominican females of Haitian descent. Journal of Adolescent Research, 28(5), 591–614. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558413487589.
Sarfo, E. A., Salifu, J., Anthony, Y., & Naidoo, V. (2022). Understanding child marriage in Ghana: The constructions of gender and sexuality and implications for married girls. Child Care in Practice, 28(2), 228–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2019.1701411.
Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., Burroughs, H., & Jinks, C. (2018). Saturation in qualitative research: Exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality and Quantity, 52(4), 1893–1907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8.
Sekine, K., & Carter, D. J. (2019). The effect of child marriage on the utilization of maternal health care in Nepal: A cross-sectional analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2016. PLos ONE, 14(9), e0222643 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222643.
Şener-Taplak, A., & Alp-Yılmaz, F. (2022). Adolescent marriage and motherhood in Turkey: A qualitative study exploring determinants, impacts and opinions about preventive strategies. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 78, 2537–2547. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15211.
Şenol, M. (2020). Küreselleşme bağlamında ailenin değişen rolü. In Z. Kabasakal (Ed.), Aileye ilişkin güncel derlemeler (pp. 3–58). Iksad.
Sexual Rights Initiative. (2013). Analysis of the language of child, early, and forced marriages. https://www.sexualrightsinitiative.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/2019-05/SRI-Analysis-of-the-Language-of-Child-Early-and-Forced-Marriages-Sep2013.pdf
Sezgin, A. U., & Punamäki, R. L. (2020). Impacts of early marriage and adolescent pregnancy on mental and somatic health: The role of partner violence. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 23(2), 155–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-019-00960-w.
Şimşek, E. (2019). Sosyo-kültürel açıdan çocuk gelinler ve sesin mahremiyeti: Doğubayazıt örneği [Master’s thesis, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=9eLoxwM37yaejCMaICy0KQ&no=mV6d3L-DSe_a6tAJq0mKVA
Soylu, N., Ayaz, M., & Yüksel, T. (2014). Early-married and sexually abused girls differ in their psychiatric outcomes. Child Abuse and Neglect, 38(9), 1552–1559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.05.017.
Tang, M. O. T., Oliffe, J. L., Galdas, P. M., Phinney, A., & Han, C. S. (2014). College men’s depression-related help-seeking: A gender analysis. Journal of Mental Health, 23(5), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2014.910639.
Temur, N., & Binbir, S. (2021). A guideline to local action plans on prevention of CEFM. UNFPA Turkey. https://turkiye.unfpa.org/en/publications/guideline-local-action-plans-prevention-cefm
Tenkorang, E. Y. (2019). Explaining the links between child marriage and intimate partner violence: Evidence from Ghana. Child Abuse and Neglect, 89, 48–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.004.
Todres, J., & King, S. M. (2020). Children’s rights in the twenty-first century: Challenges and opportunities. In J. Todres & S. M. King (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of children’s rights law (pp. 717–728). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190097608.013.35
Tosun, Z. (2021). Prevention of CEFM: A guideline on fundamentals. UNFPA Turkey. https://turkiye.unfpa.org/en/publications/prevention-cefm-guideline-fundamentals
Trinh, T. A., & Zhang, Q. (2021). Adverse shocks, household expenditure and child marriage: Evidence from India and Vietnam. Empirical Economics, 61(3), 1617–1639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-020-01907-2.
Tuna-Uysal, M., Tan-Eren, G., & Şimşek, E. (2019a). Sosyo-kültürel özellikler bağlamında erken evlilikler: Ağrı örneği. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, IX(1), 349–375. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2019.468.
Tuna-Uysal, M., Tan-Eren, G., & Şimşek, E. (2019b). Toplumsalın doğallaştırılması: Erken evliliklerde toplumsal cinsiyet algısı. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(47), 196–220. https://doi.org/10.35237/sufesosbil.569738.
Turkish Statistical Institute. (2021, July 6). World population day, 2021. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=World-Population-Day-2021-37250
Turkish Statistical Institute. (2023, April 18). Statistics on child, 2022. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Statistics-on-Child-2022-49674
Uengwongsapat, C. (2020). Experiences and needs of social support among Thai adolescent fathers: A qualitative study. Journal of Family Studies, 1433–1447. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2020.1837656
UN Women. (2021). Çocuk yaşta, erken ve zorla evliliklere ilişkin erkek algısı. https://eca.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/Field%20Office%20ECA/Attachments/Publications/2021/3/Report%20on%20Reserach%20of%20Male%20Perception%20on_CEFM_BASKI-min.pdf
UNFPA. (2022, February). Child marriage - frequently asked questions. https://www.unfpa.org/child-marriage-frequently-asked-questions
UNICEF. (2022, June). Child marriage. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/child-marriage/
UNICEF. (2023, July). Child marriage. https://www.unicef.org/protection/child-marriage
Uzun, Z., Erdem, S., Güç, K., Şafak Uzun, A. M., & Erdem, E. (2017). The effect of education on gender perception and gender role attitudes: An experimental study. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(1), 678 https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i1.4354.
Vikram, K. (2021). Early marriage and health among women at midlife: Evidence from India. Journal of Marriage and Family, 83(5), 1480–1501. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12793.
Wahi, A., Zaleski, K. L., Lampe, J., Bevan, P., & Koski, A. (2019). The lived experience of child marriage in the United States. Social Work in Public Health, 34(3), 201–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2019.1575312.
Yakıt, E., & Coşkun, A. M. (2014). Toplumsal açıdan çocuk yaşta evlilikler gerçeği: Hemşire ve ebenin sorumluluğu. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma, 11(3), 3–10.
Yaşar, E., & Şaşman-Kaylı, D. (2021). Roman kültüründe evlilik olgusu üzerine nitel bir çalışma. Sosyoloji Dergisi, 41-42, 25–51.
Yiğit, T. (2015). Feminist sosyal hizmet yaklaşımı bağlamında ataerkil ideoloji ve erken evlilikler [Doctoral dissertation, Hacettepe Üniversitesi]. YÖK Açık Bilim. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/463957
Yıldız, D., & Poyraz, T. (2020). Sosyo-demografik ve sosyo-kültürel bağlamda erken evlilikler: Çocuk gelinler ve çocuk damatlar. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları (HÜTAD), 32, 159–186. https://doi.org/10.20427/turkiyat.581208.
Yorgun, E. (2021). Erken evlilikler ve çocuk yetiştirmede karşılaşılan problemler (Ardahan ili örneği) [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Sakarya Üniversitesi.
Yüksel, F., & Koçtürk, N. (2021). Investigation of factors associated with the child marriage in Turkey. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 30(6), 653–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2021.1956664.
Zeren, F., & Gürsoy, E. (2020). Erken evliliklere neden olan faktörler, tutum ve kadın sağlığı üzerine etkisi. Türkiye Klinikleri Hemşirelik Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 124–132. https://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2019-70358.
Acknowledgements
We sincerely thank all the participants who contributed to our research by sharing their experiences.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declared no competing interests.
Ethical approval
KTO Karatay University Pharmaceutical and Non-Medical Device Research Ethics Committee with the decision number 2021/019.
Additional information
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Akçay, S., Yiğit, R.R. & Bay, F. Experiences of Child Marriage Among Women and Men in Turkey. J Child Fam Stud (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02791-5
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02791-5