* Identifies studies included in the meta-analysis.
Aaronson, D., Barrow, L., & Sander, W. (2007). Teachers and student achievement in the Chicago Public High Schools. Journal of Labor Economics, 25(1), 95–135.
Article
Google Scholar
*Antecol, H., Eren, O., & Ozbeklik, S. (2013). The effect of Teach for America on the distribution of student achievement in primary school: evidence from a randomized experiment. Economics of Education Review, 37, 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.08.004.
Article
Google Scholar
Ball, D.L., Hill, H.C., & Bass, H. (2005). Knowing mathematics for teaching: who knows mathematics well enough to teach third grade, and how can we decide? American Educator, 29(1), 14–17, 20–22, 43–46. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/65072/Ball_F05.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y.
Betts, J. R., Zau, A. C., & Rice, L. A. (2003). Determinants of student achievement: new evidence from San Diego. San Francisco, CA: Public Policy Institute of California.
Google Scholar
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Book
Google Scholar
Boyd, D., Goldhaber, D., Lankford, H., & Wyckoff, J. (2007). The effect of certification and preparation on teacher quality. The Future of Children, 17, 45–68.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brownell, M. T., Bishop, A. M., & Sindelar, P. T. (2005). NCLB and the demand for highly qualified teachers: challenges and solutions for rural schools. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 24(1), 9–15. https://acres-sped.org/journal.
Article
Google Scholar
*Clark, M.A., Isenberg, E., Liu, A.Y., Makowsky, L., Zukiewicz, M. (2015). Impacts of the Teach for America investing in innovations scale-up. (Ref #: 06889.740). Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research.https://www.mathematica-mpr.com/~/media/publications/pdfs/education/tfa_investing_innovation.pdf.
*Clotfelter, C. T., Ladd, H. F., & Vigdor, J. L. (2010). Teacher credentials and student achievement in high school: a cross-subject analysis with student fixed effects. Journal of Human Resources, 45, 655–681. https://doi.org/10.1353/jhr.2010.0023.
Google Scholar
Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Version 3) [CMA; Computer Software] (2014) Englewood, NJ: Biostat.
Constantine, J., Player, D., Silva, T., Hallgren, K., Grider, M., & Deke, J. (2009). An evaluation of teachers trained through different routes to certification (NCEE 20094043). U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance. https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/pubs/20094043/pdf/20094044.pdf
Cooper, H. M. (1979). Statistically combining independent studies: a meta-analysis of sex differences in conformity research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.37.1.131.
Article
Google Scholar
Dalton, S.S., & Henderson, A. (2015). HEA title II accountability: impact of alternative route teacher preparation. Paper presented at the 25th Annual National Association for Alternative Certification Route Teacher Preparation, Chicago, IL. https://alt-teachercert.org/HEA%20Title%20II%20.pdf
Darling-Hammond, L. (2000). Teacher quality and student achievement: a review of state policy evidence. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 8(1), 1–44. https://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/article/view/392/515.
Article
Google Scholar
Darling-Hammond, L., Holtzman, D. J., Gatlin, S. J., & Heilig, J. V. (2005). Does teacher preparation matter? Evidence about teacher certification, Teach for America, and teacher effectiveness. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 13(42), 1–47. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v13n42.2005.
Google Scholar
Dee, T. S., & Jacob, B. (2011). The impact of No Child Left Behind on student achievement. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 30, 418–446. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.20586.
Article
Google Scholar
Deeks, J. J., Dinnes, J., D’Amico, R., Sowden, A. J., Sakarovitch, C., Song, F., … European Trial Collaborative Group (2003). Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technology Assessment, 7(27), 1–173.
Every Student Succeeds Act [ESSA], Text - S.1177 - 114th Congress (2015–2016). https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/1177/text.
Feuer, M. J., Floden, R. E., Chudowsky, N., & Ahn, J. (2013). Evaluation of teacher preparation programs: purposes, methods, and policy options. Washington, DC: National Academy of Education.
Google Scholar
Gansle, K. A., Noell, G. H., & Burns, J. M. (2012). Do student achievement outcomes differ across teacher preparation programs? An analysis of teacher education in Louisiana. Journal of Teacher Education, 63, 304–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487112439894.
Article
Google Scholar
Gersten, R., Fuchs, L. S., Compton, D., Coyne, M., Greenwood, C., & Innocenti, M. S. (2005). Quality indicators for group experimental and quasi-experimental research in special education. Exceptional Children, 71, 149–164.
Article
Google Scholar
Gimbert, B., Bol, L., & Wallace, D. (2007). The influence of teacher preparation on student achievement and the application of national standards by teachers of mathematics in urban secondary schools. Education and Urban Society, 40, 91–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013124507303993.
Article
Google Scholar
*Gimbert, B., Cristol, D., & Sene, A. M. (2007). The impact of teacher preparation on student achievement in algebra in a “hard-to-staff” urban preK–12–university partnership. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 18, 245–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243450601147528.
Article
Google Scholar
*Glazerman, S., Mayer, D., & Decker, P. (2006). Alternative routes to teaching: the impacts of Teach for America on student achievement and other outcomes. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 25, 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.20157.
Article
Google Scholar
*Goldhaber, D. D., & Brewer, D. J. (2000). Does teacher certification matter? High school teacher certification status and student achievement. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 22, 129–145. https://doi.org/10.3102/01623737022002129.
Article
Google Scholar
Hedges, L. J., & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
Google Scholar
Heilig, J. V., & Jez, S. J. (2010). Teach for America: a review of the evidence. Boulder, CO: Education and the Public Interest Center. Retrieved from National Education Policy Center website http://epicpolicy.org/publication/teach-for-america.
*Henry, G. T., Purtell, K. M., Bastian, K. C., Fortner, C. K., Thompson, C. L., Campbell, S. L., & Patterson, K. M. (2014). The effects of teacher entry portals on student achievement. Journal of Teacher Education, 65, 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487113503871.
Article
Google Scholar
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. British Medical Journal, 327, 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hill, H. C., Rowan, B., & Ball, D. L. (2005). Effects of teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching on student achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 42, 371–406. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312042002371.
Article
Google Scholar
Humphrey, D., & Wechsler, M. (2007). Insights into alternative certification: initial findings from a national study. Teachers College Record, 109, 483–530. https://www.tcrecord.org
Hutchison, L. F. (2012). Addressing the STEM teacher shortage in American schools: ways to recruit and retain effective STEM teachers. Action in Teacher Education, 34, 541–550. https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2012.729483.
Article
Google Scholar
Losinski, M., Maag, J. W., Katsiyannis, A., & Parks Ennis, R. (2014). Examining the effects and quality of interventions based on the assessment of contextual variables: a meta-analysis. Exceptional Children, 80, 407–422. https://doi.org/10.1177/0014402914527243.
Article
Google Scholar
Mason-Williams, L. (2015). Unequal opportunities: a profile of the distribution of special education teachers. Exceptional Children, 81, 247–262. https://doi.org/10.1177/0014402914551737.
Article
Google Scholar
*Miller, J. W., McKenna, M. C., & McKenna, B. A. (1998). A comparison of alternatively and traditionally prepared teachers. Journal of Teacher Education, 49, 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487198049003002.
Article
Google Scholar
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G., The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med, 6(7), e1000097 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed1000097.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
National Education Association [NEA] (2015). Research spotlight on alternative routes to teacher certification. https://www.nea.org/tools/16578.htm.
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, 20 U.S.C. 70 § 6301 et seq. (2002). Retrieved from https://www2.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/esea02/107-110.pdf.
*Nunnery, J., Kaplan, L., Owings, W. A., & Pribesh, S. (2009). The effects of troops to teachers on student achievement: one state’s study. NASSP Bulletin, 93, 249–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192636509359338.
Article
Google Scholar
Nye, B., Konstantopoulos, S., & Hedges, L. V. (2004). How large are teacher effects. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 26, 237–257.
Article
Google Scholar
Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development [OECD] (2015). Universal basic skills: what countries stand to gain. Washington, DC: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264234833-en.
*Piro, J. S., Shutt, T., & Stewart, G. (2010). Value added student achievement in alternative and traditional teacher preparation pathways. The Journal of Academic Administration in Higher Education, 6(2), 1–8. https://jwpress.com/JLHE/JLHE.htm.
Google Scholar
Rosenthal, R. (1979). The “file drawer problem” and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 638–641. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.638.
Article
Google Scholar
*Sharkey, N. S., & Goldhaber, D. (2008). Teacher licensure status and student achievement: lessons from private schools. Economics of Education Review, 27, 504–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.09.009.
Article
Google Scholar
Shuls, J. V., & Trivitt, J. R. (2015). Teacher effectiveness: an analysis of licensure screens. Educational Policy, 29(4), 645–675. https://doi.org/10.1177/0895904813510777.
Article
Google Scholar
Stronge & Associates (2013). Stronge teacher evaluation system: a validation report. Oshkosh, WI: Strong & Associates Educational Consulting, LLC. Retrieved from http://www.cesa6.org/effectiveness_project/Validation-Report-of-Stronge-Evaluation-System.pdf.
Stronge, J. H., Ward, T. J., & Grant, L. W. (2011). What makes good teachers good? A cross-case analysis of the connection between teacher effectiveness and student achievement. Journal of Teacher Education, 62, 339–355.
Article
Google Scholar
Teach for America [TFA] (2016). https://www.teachforamerica.org/.
The White House (2015). Every Student Succeeds Act: a progress report on elementary and secondary education. Executive Office of the President (December). https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/documents/ESSA_Progress_Report.pdf.
U.S. Census Bureau (2016). Census regions and divisions of the United States. https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf.
U.S. Department of Education (2002). New No Child Left Behind. https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-107publ110/html/PLAW-107publ110.htm.
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Postsecondary Education (2002). Meeting the highly qualified teachers challenge: the secretary’s annual report on teacher quality. https://www2.ed.gov/about/reports/annual/teachprep/2002title-ii-report.pdf.
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Postsecondary Education (2013). Preparing and credentialing the nation’s teachers: the secretary’s ninth report on teacher quality. https://title2.ed.gov/TitleIIReport13.pdf.
U.S. Department of Education, Race to the Top (2009). Race to the top program executive summary. https://www2.ed.gov/programs/racetothetop/executive-summary.pdf.
Van de Walle, J. A., Karp, K. S., & Bay-Williams, J. M. (2012). Elementary and middle school mathematics: teaching developmentally (8th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson.
Google Scholar
Wilson, D.B. (2011). Effect size calculation and basic meta-analysis. The Campbell Collaboration [Training video]. https://www.campbellcollaboration.org.
Wilson, S. M., Floden, R. E., & Ferrini-Mundy, J. (2002). Teacher preparation research: an insider’s view from the outside. Journal of Teacher Education, 53(3), 190–204.
Article
Google Scholar
Wilson, S.M., Floden, R.E., & Ferrini-Mundy, J. (2001). Teacher preparation research: current knowledge, gaps, and recommendations. Document R-01-3. https://www.education.uw.edu/ctp/sites/default/files/ctpmail/PDFs/TeacherPrep-WFFM-02-2001.pdf.
Wright, S. P., Horn, S. P., & Sanders, W. L. (1997). Teacher and classroom context effects on student achievement: implications for teacher evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education, 11, 57–67.
*Xu, Z., Hannaway, J., & Taylor, C. (2011). Making a difference? The effects of Teach for America in high school. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 30, 447–469. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.20585.
Article
Google Scholar
Zhang, D., Wang, Q., Losinski, M., & Katsiyannis, A. (2014). An examination of preservice teachers’ intentions to pursue careers in special education. Journal of Teacher Education, 65, 156–171. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487113510743.
Article
Google Scholar