Abstract
This work investigates the low-frequency noise performance of a 2H-type monolayer/bilayer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) double-gate MOSFET. A hybrid simulation technique involving both QuantumWise ATK and Sentaurus TCAD tools has been used to simulate the device characteristics. First, density functional theory (DFT) has been used to simulate the electrical characteristics of monolayer and bilayer 2H–MoTe2. The parameters (bandgap and effective mass, mobility etc.) obtained using the atomistic simulator tool are exported into Sentaurus TCAD to simulate the drain current characteristics. We have used the kinetic velocity model and quantum model to account for the ballistic mobility and quantum effects in the device. The noise simulation for the bilayer MoTe2 is computed using the impedance field method. Noise parameters such as noise power spectral density (SID) as a function of frequency and bias, and noise figure have also been simulated.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data will be provided upon request.
References
Moore, M.: International roadmap for devices and systems (IEEE, 2022). https://irds.ieee.org/images/files/pdf/2022/2022IRDS_MM.pdf. Accessed Dec 2022
Zeng, S., Tang, Z., Liu, C., Zhou, P.: Electronics based on two-dimensional materials: status and outlook. Nano Res. 14(6), 1752 (2021)
Kang, J., Cao, W., Xie, X., Sarkar, D., Liu, W., Banerjee, K.: Graphene and beyond-graphene 2D crystals for next-generation green electronics. Micro Nanotechnol. Sens. Syst. Appl. 6(9083), 20 (2014)
Dathbun, A., Kim, Y., Choi, Y., Sun, J., Kim, S., Kang, B., Cho, J.H.: Selectively metallized 2D materials for simple logic devices. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11(20), 18571 (2019)
Liu, C., Chen, H., Hou, X., Zhang, H., Han, J., Jiang, Y.G., Zhou, P.: Small footprint transistor architecture for photoswitching logic and in situ memory. Nat. Nanotechnol. 14(7), 662 (2019)
Li, J., Liu, L., Chen, X., Liu, C., Wang, J., Hu, W., Zhou, P.: Symmetric ultrafast writing and erasing speeds in quasi-nonvolatile memory via van der Waals heterostructures. Adv. Mater. 31(11), 1808035 (2019)
Das, S., Robinson, J.A., Dubey, M., Terrones, H., Terrones, M.: Beyond graphene: progress in novel two-dimensional materials and van der Waals solids. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 45, 1–27 (2015)
Ruppert, C., Aslan, B., Heinz, T.F.: Optical properties and band gap of single-and few-layer MoTe2 crystals. Nano Lett. 14(11), 6231 (2014)
Chen, J., Feng, Z., Fan, S., Shi, S., Yue, Y., Shen, W., Zhang, D.: Contact engineering of molybdenum ditelluride field effect transistors through rapid thermal annealing. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9(35), 30107 (2017)
Fathipour, S., Ma, N., Hwang, W.S., Protasenko, V., Vishwanath, S., Xing, H.G., Seabaugh, A.: Exfoliated multilayer MoTe2 field-effect transistors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 105(19), 192101 (2014)
Lin, Y.F., Li, W., Li, S.L., Xu, Y., Aparecido-Ferreira, A., Komatsu, K., Tsukagoshi, K.: Barrier inhomogeneities at vertically stacked graphene-based heterostructures. Nanoscale 6(2), 795 (2014)
Duong, N.T., Park, C., Nguyen, D.H., Nguyen, P.H., Tran, T.U., Park, D.Y., Jeong, M.S.: Gate-controlled MoTe2 homojunction for sub-thermionic subthreshold swing tunnel field-effect transistor. Nano Today 40, 101263 (2021)
Feng, Z., Xie, Y., Chen, J., Yu, Y., Zheng, S., Zhang, R., Zhang, D.: Highly sensitive MoTe2 chemical sensor with fast recovery rate through gate biasing. 2D Mater. 4(2), 025018 (2017)
Seo, S.G., Jeong, J., Jin, S.H.: Influence of air atmosphere on electrical characteristics of p-type MoTe2 FETs under DC and pulsed mode operation. Microelectron. Reliab. 111, 113680 (2020)
Qu, D., Liu, X., Huang, M., Lee, C., Ahmed, F., Kim, H., Yoo, W.J.: Carrier-type modulation and mobility improvement of thin MoTe2. Adv. Mater. 29(39), 1606433 (2017)
Kumar, P., Gupta, M., Singh, K.: Low leakage current molybdenum ditelluride based nano FET using non-equilbrium greens function. In: IEEE international conference on signal processing and integrated networks, pp. 797 (2020)
Iqbal, M.W., Firdous, F., Manzoor, M., Ateeq, H., Azam, S., Aftab, S., Majid, A.: Study of electrical attributes of molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) FET using experimental and theoretical evidences. Microelectron. Eng. 230, 111365 (2020)
Seo, S.G., Hong, J.H., Ryu, J.H., Jin, S.H.: Low-frequency noise characteristics in multilayer MoTe2 FETs with hydrophobic amorphous fluoropolymers. IEEE Electron Device Lett. 40(2), 251 (2018)
Zhang, B., Hu, C., Xin, Y., Li, Y., Xie, Y., Xing, Q., Wang, C.: Analysis of low-frequency 1/f noise characteristics for MoTe2 Ambipolar field-effect transistors. Nanomaterials 12(8), 1325 (2022)
De, A., Kanrar, S.S., Sarkar, S.K.: Noise analysis of MoTe2-based dual-cavity MOSFET as a pH sensor. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 37(10), 105015 (2022)
Kumar, P., Gupta, M., Singh, K., Kumar, N.: Linearity analysis of MoTe2-FET based single transistor AND gate using non-equilibrium Green’s function. Trans. Electr. Electron. Mater. 23(2), 164 (2022)
Kuiri, M., Das, S., Muthu, D.V.S., Das, A., Sood, A.K.: Thickness dependent transition from the 1T′ to Weyl semimetal phase in ultrathin MoTe2: electrical transport, noise and Raman studies. Nanoscale 12(15), 8371 (2020)
Rathinam, R., Pon, A., Carmel, S., Bhattacharyya, A.: Analysis of black phosphorus double gate MOSFET using hybrid method for analogue/RF application. IET Circuits Devices Syst. 14(8), 1167 (2020)
Pon, A., Ehteshamuddin, M., Sheelvardhan, K., Dasgupta, A.: Analysis of 1/f and G-R noise in phosphorene FETs. Solid State Electron. 200, 108530 (2023)
Tao, J.: An accurate MGGA-based hybrid exchange-correlation functional. J. Chem. Phys. 116(6), 2335 (2002)
Chang, J., Register, L.F., Banerjee, S.K.: Ballistic performance comparison of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide MX2 (M= Mo, W; X= S, Se, Te) metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. J. Appl. Phys. 115(8), 084506 (2014)
Datta, S.: Quantum Transport: Atom to Transistor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)
Ojha, A., Mohapatra, N.R.: A computationally efficient quantum-corrected poisson solver for accurate device simulation of multi-gate FETs. Solid State Electron. 160, 107625 (2019)
Penzin, O., Smith, L., Erlebach, A., Choi, M., Lee, K.H.: Kinetic velocity model to account for ballistic effects in the drift-diffusion transport approach. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 64(11), 4599 (2017)
Dhar, N., Chowdhury, T.H., Islam, M.A., Khan, N.A., Rashid, M.J., Alam, M.M., Amin, N.J.C.L.: Effect of n-type transition metal dichalcogenide molybdenum telluride (N–MoTe2) in back contact interface of cadmium telluride solar cells from numerical analysis. Chalcogenide Lett. 11, 6 (2014)
Synopsys, T.C.A.D.: Sentaurus Device Manual, Synopsys SDevice Ver. K-2015.06. Synopsys Inc, Mountain View, CA, USA (2015)
Ilatikhameneh, H., Ameen, T., Novakovic, B., Tan, Y., Klimeck, G., Rahman, R.: Saving Moore’s law down to 1 nm channels with anisotropic effective mass. Sci. Rep. 6(1), 1 (2016)
Pon, A., Bhattacharyya, A., Rathinam, R.: Recent developments in black phosphorous transistors: a review. J. Electron. Mater. 50(11), 6020 (2021)
Lin, Y.F., Xu, Y., Lin, C.Y., Suen, Y.W., Yamamoto, M., Nakaharai, S., Tsukagoshi, K.: Origin of noise in layered MoTe2 transistors and its possible use for environmental sensors. Adv. Mater. 27(42), 6612 (2015)
Sangwan, V.K., Arnold, H.N., Jariwala, D., Marks, T.J., Lauhon, L.J., Hersam, M.C.: Low-frequency electronic noise in single-layer MoS2 transistors. Nano Lett. 13(9), 4351 (2013)
Hooge, F.N.: 1/ƒ Noise is no surface effect. Phys. Lett. A 29(3), 139 (1969)
Danneville, F., Dambrine, G., Happy, H., Tadyszal, P., Cappy, A.: Influence of the gate leakage current on the noise performance of MESFET’s and MODFETs. Solid State Electron. 38, 1081 (1995)
Funding
The work was supported by Department of Science and Technology (DST) Core Research Grant (CRG/2020/004241). The author Dr. Ramesh R has received research support from DST.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Dr. RR extracted the material properties from the Quantumwise ATK and Ms. MMM did the TCAD simulation. The first draft of the manuscript was written by both authors. They also read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no financial interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Manjula, M.M., Ramesh, R. Low-frequency noise performance of a molybdenum ditelluride double-gate MOSFET. J Comput Electron 22, 1433–1442 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-023-02074-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-023-02074-0