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Endometrial and placental stem cells in successful and pathological pregnancies

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Abstract

The endometrium is a dynamic tissue that undergoes extensive remodeling during the menstrual cycle and further gets modified during pregnancy. Different kinds of stem cells are reported in the endometrium. These include epithelial stem cells, endometrial mesenchymal stem cells, side population stem cells, and very small embryonic-like stem cells. Stem cells are also reported in the placenta which includes trophoblast stem cells, side population trophoblast stem cells, and placental mesenchymal stem cells. The endometrial and placental stem cells play a pivotal role in endometrial remodeling and placental vasculogenesis during pregnancy. The dysregulation of stem cell function is reported in various pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth. However, the mechanisms by which it does so are yet elusive. Herein, we review the current knowledge of the different type of stem cells involved in pregnancy initiation and also highlight how their improper functionality leads to pathological pregnancy.

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Funding

The manuscript bears the NIRRCH ID:REV/1502/02-2023. DM lab and is supported by grants from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR, Govt of India). JG is a recipient of the DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance Early Career Fellowship

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  1. Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India

    Jayeeta Giri & Deepak Modi

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  1. Jayeeta Giri
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  2. Deepak Modi
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Giri, J., Modi, D. Endometrial and placental stem cells in successful and pathological pregnancies. J Assist Reprod Genet 40, 1509–1522 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-023-02856-2

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