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No difference in congenital anomalies prevalence irrespective of insemination methods and freezing procedure: cohort study over fourteen years of an ART population in the south of France

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics volume 34, pages 867–876 (2017)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate and compare the prevalence of congenital anomalies in babies and fetuses conceived after four procedures of assisted reproduction technologies (ART).

Methods

The prevalence of congenital anomalies was compared retrospectively between 2750 babies and fetuses conceived between 2001 and 2014 in vitro fertilization with standard insemination (IVF), IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), IVF with frozen embryo transfer (FET-IVF), and ICSI with frozen embryo transfer (FET-ICSI). Congenital anomalies were described according to European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) classification. The parental backgrounds, biologic parameters, obstetric parameters, and perinatal outcomes were compared between babies and fetuses with and without congenital anomalies. Data were analyzed by the generalized estimating equation.

Results

Between 2001 and 2014, a total of 2477 evolutionary pregnancies were notified. Among these pregnancies, 2379 were included in the analysis. One hundred thirty-four babies and fetuses had a congenital anomaly (4.9%). The major prevalences found among the recorded anomalies were congenital heart defects, chromosomal anomalies, and urinary defects. However, the risk of congenital anomalies in babies and fetuses conceived after FET was not increased compared with babies and fetuses conceived after fresh embryo transfer, even when adjusted for confounding factors (p = 0.40).

Conclusions

There is no increased risk of congenital anomalies in babies and fetuses conceived by fresh versus frozen embryo transfer after in vitro fertilization with and without micromanipulation. Indeed, distribution of congenital anomalies found in our population is consistent with the high prevalence of congenital heart defects, chromosomal anomalies, and urinary defects that have been found by other authors in children conceived by infertile couples when compared to children conceived spontaneously.

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Author information

Affiliations

  1. Département de Santé Publique et Maladies Chroniques, Unité de recherche EA 3279, Faculté de médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France

    Any Beltran Anzola, Vanessa Pauly & Roland Sambuc

  2. Service de Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint Joseph, 26 Boulevard du Louvain, 13008, Marseille, France

    Any Beltran Anzola, Debbie Montjean, Cendrine Geoffroy-Siraudin, Pierre Boyer & Marie-José Gervoise-Boyer

  3. Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille - Service d’information médicale, Hôpital de la Conception, 147 Boulevard Baille, 13005, Marseille, France

    Vanessa Pauly & Roland Sambuc

  4. Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille - Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Conception, 147 Boulevard Baille, 13005, Marseille, France

    Line Meddeb

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  1. Any Beltran Anzola
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  2. Vanessa Pauly
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  3. Debbie Montjean
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  4. Line Meddeb
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  7. Pierre Boyer
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  8. Marie-José Gervoise-Boyer
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Correspondence to Any Beltran Anzola.

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Funding

No external funding was obtained for this study.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Data used to conduct the present study were obtained in accordance with French Bioethics Law. This study did not require ethic committee approval. For this type of study format, consent is not required.

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Supplementary Fig. 1
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Reliability rate of congenital anomalies data, blastocyst transfer rate, twin deliveries rate, and mean number of embryo transferred between 1994 and 2014 (GIF 184 kb)

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Beltran Anzola, A., Pauly, V., Montjean, D. et al. No difference in congenital anomalies prevalence irrespective of insemination methods and freezing procedure: cohort study over fourteen years of an ART population in the south of France. J Assist Reprod Genet 34, 867–876 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-0903-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-0903-9

Keywords

  • Congenital anomalies
  • Perinatal outcomes
  • In vitro fertilization
  • Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection
  • Frozen embryo transfer